Recently in Psychopathy Category

Vampire killer

| 0 Comments | 0 TrackBacks
I came across this article of a man, Allan Menzies, in the UK who murdered his friend in order to become a vampire. Menzies had watched the movie Queen of the Damned at least 100 times and claimed that he was told he had to kill someone in order to become immortal. Menzies called Thomas McKendrick to his house where Menzies attacked and killed him with knives and a hammer. After the death, Menzies drank his blood and ate some of his flesh. He then put McKendricks body in a wheelbarrow and dumped his body in a ditch, which was found 6 weeks later. After the killing, Menzies was convinced he was a vampire and immortal. Menzies was found guilty and sentenced to life in prison. The psychological issues surrounding Menzies is enormous. He had been diagnosed a psychopath by three psychologists in court. Menzies lawyer also said he was schizophrenic, which definitely runs true with Menzies actions. There needs to be more education for people to understand these mental health problems.

article

Dopamine and Psychopathy

| 3 Comments | 0 TrackBacks
A new study suggests that a hyper-reactive dopamine reward system may be a characteristic of a psychopath.  Up until this study, research studied what psychopaths lack (interpersonal skills, etc.), whereas the current study focuses on what psychopaths have excess of (impulsivity and risk-taking).

The participants initially filled out a personality test to measure the amount of psychopath traits they had.

In their first test, the researchers gave amphetamine to the participants and gave the a PET scan.  Because psychopathy is often times associated with substance abuse and substance abuse is associated with more dopamine release, the researchers hypothesized that participants who had more psychopathic traits would have greater rates of dopamine release than participants who had less psychopathic traits.  The researchers did find support for their hypothesis - when participants with psychopathic traits were given amphetamines, they released four times as much dopamine than did participants who did not have as many psychopathic traits.

In the second part of the study, participants were told they would be given a reward after finishing a simple task.  Researchers scanned the brains of the participants while they were completing the task and found that individuals with psychopathic traits would continue to do the task until they finished and received their reward. 


Necrophilia and Murder

| 4 Comments | 0 TrackBacks
Three year old Wang Xiaoyi went outside to play around 5 p.m. on May 19th, 2009 and never returned home.  A thirteen year old boy (unnamed) saw her playing outside of his apartment building on his way back from school and took Xiaoyi to his apartment.  There, the boy tied her to the bed, drowned her, had sex with her corpse, and threw it out of his fifth-floor apartment window.

Abnormal psychology describes necrophilia as the sexual attraction to corpses.  As far as classification goes, necrophilia falls under Paraphilia NOS (not otherwise specified) according to the DSM-IV-TR.  The criteria includes the presences, over a period of at least six months, of recurrent and intense urges and sexually arousing fantasies involving corpses which are either acted upon or have been markedly distressing.

There are three main types of necrophilia: necrophiliac homicide, regular necrophilia, and necrophiliac fantasy.  Regular necrophilia is the use of corpses for sexual purposes after the person was already dead.  Necrophiliac fantasies are envisions of such acts, but not actually acting upon them.  The last type, necrophiliac homicide describes the case above.  This type is characterized by murdering to obtain a corpse for sexual pleasure.

Necrophilia is not the only type of paraphilia which can lead to problems with the law.  There are 8 main types of paraphilias (5-8 are especially likely to run into problems with the law):

1. Fetishisms
2. Sexual Masochism
3. Sexual Sadism
4. Transvetic fetishism
5. Exhibitionism
6. Frotteurism
7. Paedophilia
8. Voyeurism

All other paraphilias, such as necrophilia, telephone scatalogia, partialism, zoophilia, coprophilia, klismaphilia, urophilia, and emetophilia all fall under the not otherwise specified category.

We don't hear of very many cases of paraphilia as it is not frequently diagnosed in a clinical setting, but there is no doubt they exist.  Accurate prevalence rates are unavailable because people with paraphilias do not typically admit it or seek treatment unless they are required by law, but most cases of paraphilias are seen in males and some (exhibitionism especially) are considered exclusively a male disorder. 

For more information about the case above, visit here.

For more information about particular paraphilias, visit these sites:
http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2009-05/28/content_7950768.htm
http://web4health.info/en/answers/sex-paraphi-what.htm
http://www.psychiatrictimes.com/dsm-iv/content/article/10168/55266?pageNumber=1
If you have taken abnormal psychology, you may have heard of the Tarasoff case.  If you have not, I will summarize the case for you below.

Prosenjit Poddar met Tatiana Tarasoff at a folk dancing class in the fall of 1968 at the University of California, Berkeley.  That New Year's Eve, Tarasoff rang in the new year by giving Poddar a kiss.  Since kissing at midnight is the norm on New Year's Eve, many of us do not take them too seriously.  Poddar did, however.  The kiss to him symbolized the beginning of a serious relationship between Tarasoff and himself.  Poddar was crushed to learn that Tarasoff was not interested in him and was involved with other men which caused Poddar to enter into a state of depression.  After much convincing, Poddar sought help from a psychologist on campus, Dr. Lawrence Moore.  During one of Poddar's sessions, he told Dr. Moore that he planned to kill Tarasoff when she returned from her summer vacation.  Dr. Moore thought that Poddar was suffering from paranoid schizophrenia, both acute and severe.  Dr. Moore suggested that the campus police civilly commit Poddar, which was done, but was shortly released because the police felt he had changed his mind about killing Tarasoff.  Dr. Moore's supervisor, Dr. Harvey Powelson felt that Poddar was rational and instructed no further need for treatment.

The next October, Poddar stabbed Tarasoff to death with a kitchen knife at her house.  Neither Tarasoff or her parents received a warning of Poddar's intentions.

This particular case had an impact on the law, especially when talking about patient-psychotherapist confidentiality.  After this incident, the California Supreme Court ruled that mental health professionals have the duty to not only the patient, but also to anyone who is being threatened.  Many states and even some places outside of the country have adopted this rule stating that mental health professionals have a duty to protect those who are threatened by one of their patients. Psychotherapists are now obligated to warn the potential victim in any way possible to prevent cases such as this.

After we talked about this in my abnormal class last semester, I asked my professor if this law also made it an obligation for therapists to warn potential victims about any physical harm that is threatened to them (i.e. any harm other than murder), and he told me that he is pretty sure that it only applies to threats of one's life.  I thought this was kind of interesting, but I suppose that if therapists had to report every harmful incident brought up by a patient, they would be filing reports left and right.  

(The above summary was based not only on information I learned in class, but also Wikipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarasoff_v._Regents_of_the_University_of_California)

If you are interested in this case, there is a TON of information out there online about it.  Feel free to post links to more information! 



   

Signs of Psychopathy in Toddlers?

| 3 Comments | 0 TrackBacks
How does a person become a serial killer? A terrorist? A gang member? An outlaw? Were they forced into it because of their surroundings? Or had they been wired since birth? If they are "wired" that way, are they at fault for their actions? Could we identify these individuals earlier in hopes of preventing future actions?

These are just some of the questions psychologists are trying to answer. This article looks at some characteristics that can be seen in early childhood that can lead to psychopathy.

http://personalitydisorders.suite101.com/article.cfm/early_signs_of_antisocial_personal

Since I found that website very interesting, I wanted to know if there were any physical differences in psychopathy. This article examines the difference between brain scans of psychopaths:

http://www.futurepundit.com/archives/001998.html

Munchausen's Syndrome By Proxy

| 1 Comment | 0 TrackBacks
http://www.crimeandclues.com/index.php/behavioral-evidence/49-criminal-psychology/88-child-abuse-munchausens-syndrome-by-proxy

 Munchausen's Syndrome By Proxy (MSBP) is a form of child abuse that often times is not caught by social services, law enforcement, or other reporting agencies. This is because the behavior of the offender (typically the child's mother) doesn't fit the stereotype we imagine a child abuser to have. MSBP is a disorder where the abuser will purposely fain or sometimes cause a child's illness so that the child must receive medical care (usual hospitalization). This is so the abuser may gain sympathy and attention from others and receive praise for being such a "good parent."
 The article above describes the characteristics of both victim and abuser, warning signs to look for, and how to properly investigate a case where MSBP may be a suspicion.

  In October 2008, Michelle Kehoe drove herself and her two boys, Seth (age 2) and Sean (age 7) to Hook-n-Liner Pond near Littleton, IA. She then tied both of her boys up, duct taped their eyes, nose, and mouths, and slashed their throats leaving little Seth dead and seriously injuring Sean. She then proceeded to the edge of the pond and attempted suicide by slashing her own throat. When she did not succeed with her suicide attempt, Kehoe went to a nearby house and claimed that a man kidnapped them and killed her children. Unbeknown to Kehoe, her son Sean had survived the attack and was able to tell authorities in the hospital later that day what truly happened.
 In November 2009, Kehoe stood trial for the murder of her son Seth and plead insanity. She was later found guilty of 1st Degree Murder, Attempted Murder, and Child Endangerment. In December 2009, she was sentence to life without the possibility of parole for the murder, 25 years for attempted murder, and 10 years for the child endangerment charged.
 
 Click here for the article about the trial. This also has short video clips of the trial including testimony from both psychologists, the recorded statement from Kehoe's surviving son, and the Kwik Star surveillance video of the family shortly before the horrific crime.
 Click here for the article about the sentencing hearing and how Kehoe's husband asked for leniency but the judge denied it. (Please note that the dates written in the article are wrong. Kehoe committed the crime in 2008 and the trial was held in 2009)

 For me, this case hit extremely close to home, in more ways than one. First off, there is the physical aspects of the crime. Kehoe stopped with her boys at the Kwik Star in Jesup, Iowa (which is where I live) and the store clerk who testified is a person that I know.
 After leaving Kwik Star, Kehoe drove down the road and stopped to let her boys play at the playground in front of St. Athanasius School. This playground is located directly behind my house (all that separates my yard from the playground is a single row of trees) and my oldest son plays there often. At this point in the time line, Kehoe purposely left her cell phone so that nobody could call for help.
 From the park, Kehoe drove a few miles further to Hook-n-Liner Pond. This happens to be my husband's and my fishing spot (since this happened though, we have decided to find a new spot). It is located in an extremely secluded location so a person would have to be familiar with the area to find it. Kehoe was originally from this area. In fact, the house down the road from it used to be owned by one of her relatives.
 After she committed this heinous act, the first officer on the scene was my neighbor (at that time) from across the street. He later told me that it was a very disturbing scene and he had an emotionally hard time dealing with it afterward.
 This case also hit close to home for me emotionally because I am a mother of two boys as well (my oldest is 6 and my youngest is 18 months) and their ages were relatively close to the ages of Kehoe's boys. As a mother, it is hard to fathom how a person could harm their own child. Even on the most stressful of days (and believe me, there are a lot of those when you have two young ones), I still cannot even dream of hurting them. Although I have always been interested in psychology and criminology, it is this lack of comprehension that propels me to learn more in search of answers or better yet, theories as why this sort of thing happens.
 I followed this case very closely  because I suspected that Kehoe would attempt an insanity plea. My initial thoughts, before I knew all the facts, was that her attorney would claim it was Munchhausen Via Proxy (based on an incident prior where she drove her van with her kids inside into a river and then in this case, the fact that she ran for help after the fact and concocted the story about being kidnapped).
 When I watched the trial on CNN's In Session, I was very surprised to hear about how severe Kehoe's depression was. The psychologist for the defense testified that Kehoe had actually undergone Electric Shock Therapy treatment up to 44 times in the last 12 years. Regardless of the severity of her depression, Kehoe was not insane (by the legal definition). She knew right from wrong and there was a lot of strong evidence to support malice aforethought (which is the determining factor for Murder in the 1st Degree).
 Another thing that stood out to me during the trial was Kehoe's defense attorney. When I saw her, she looked, at times, somewhat disheveled in appearance compared to the crisp, clean-cut prosecutor. Her closing arguments were also horribly delivered. She occassionally stumbled across words, at times seemed to lack confidence in what she was saying, and a few times she paused for long periods of time as if she had lost her place in her speech. Even though the evidence against Kehoe was overly abundant, it is my opinion her attorney really didn't help her case either.
 You can see the closing arguments, other court segments, and a photo timeline of the Kehoe case here as well.

The Texas Observer-Gone Baby Gone

| 4 Comments | 0 TrackBacks
http://www.texasobserver.org/features/gone-baby-gone

 This article depicts the story of Otty Sanchez, who murdered her baby while she was suffering from postpartum psychosis. The article investigates how Sanchez actually sought help prior to the murder but had slipped through the cracks of an under-budgeted mental health system in Texas. Despite clear evidence supporting a legal insanity defense, prosecutors are planning to seek the death penalty. It is truly a tragic but eye-opening article for anybody who is interested in the problems that the mental health systems face and what happens when there is a break down in communication between professionals seeking mental health help for their clients. It is true that hindsight is 20-20. However, as it pertains to the Sanchez case, so many clear warning signs were left ignored by so many people and the two people who did recognize the pending break-down went unheard.
 Just to warn those who may read this article, some of the facts listed in it tend to be graphic in nature. 
 

Categories