Week 12 Online assignment (Due Monday)

https://www.ted.com/talks/hamish_jolly_a_shark_deterrent_wetsuit_and_it_s_not_what_you_think#t-735102

I watched a talk about how wet suit designs are being used to prevent shark attacks. In previous chapters we have discussed how humans and animals are able to perceive color. It was discussed that cones allow us to see color, and a lot of animals have some form of color blindness. Sharks see in only black and white. Over the years there have been increasing shark attacks in Australia, and there were 5 deaths, so scientists looked for a way to prevent shark attacks from happening. They noticed that there is a breed of fish that swims near sharks that sharks do not eat. These fish normally pick up the scraps that sharks leave behind, which forms a symbiotic relationship. Scientists predicted that they could use the appearance of these fish to create a form of camouflage to apply to wet suits for surfers and divers. Currently wet suits are typically black and have little pattern or color. This makes divers easily visible to sharks, and due to their lack of clarity in their vision, those in these wet suits appear to be similar to a seal or other large mammalian that would have a similar coloration. Scientists wanted to make two different types of suits, one that reduced visibility, and another that would be a sort of “don’t eat me” signal like the fish that pair with sharks. In order to test patterns they created one similar to water patterns, and another with black and white stripes like the fish. To test the pattern’s effectiveness they wrapped barrels filled with fish in the two new patterns, and one with the traditional black suit. They then lowered it in the water (filled with bait) where both tiger sharks and great white sharks approached the barrels. The black barrel was immediately torn apart, the water pattern was ignored or simply sniffed, and the striped one was nosed and explored but never attacked. This indicates that despite, even the smell of food, sharks rely heavily on visual cues to tell them what food is, and what food isn’t. They enlisted the help of a diver to make the suits more attractive to potential buyers, while applying the science of the water and fish pattern to the fabric of the wet suits. While these suits may not prevent every shark attack, they have been proven to at least help in prevention of some. The knowledge of how perception helps dangerous animals can help in reducing human and animal fatalities. Humans don’t have to be afraid of the animals, and the animals no longer will be eating things they aren’t supposed to (humans), or be killed by humans out of fear or retaliation.

Terms used: color perception, cones, color blindness, camouflage, vision, clarity, and perception

https://www.ted.com/talks/jinsop_lee_design_for_all_5_senses

This talk was amazing. This talk discovers how the appliances in our lives can be designed to enrich our senses, and thus satisfied us more. Designs can look great, and with the modern technology as well as some creativity, designs can satisfy other senses than just sight. Multisensory experiences are always more satisfying than experiences that only fulfil one or two senses. Take for example, a clock that only fulfil sight, is not as satisfying as a clock that can fulfil both senses and sights. The speaker explained a graph of senses, satisfaction ranks from one to ten, and any activities that may satisfy all senses at the highest level are the activities that bring us the most satisfaction. Sex is one of those activities that can bring out the highest level of satisfaction.

I enjoyed this talk because the speaker explained the concept of multisensory designs using his natural sense of humour and a lot of visual aid. The graph that was present throughout the presentation was very helpful in my understanding of how some activities can elicit different sensory experiences. The examples his used, including riding a bike, eating ramen, smoking, and of course, sex, were all graphed out on an easily understood graph. The easy to relate to examples are what really made this talk exceptional.

Humans evolved to have five senses in order to experience the world in a more accurate ways. Our five senses must have aided our survival, but the modern technology has taken away a lot of the opportunities for us to sense the most natural way. The world we live in now has too many things going on at the same time, and visual presentation became the most important way of knowing – everything is presented to us visually, our vision is constantly being stimulated, but other senses, not so much. We have been accustomed to living with technology that we built around ourselves, but technology cannot provide us with as much touch, taste, or smell experiences, as sight and sound experiences. Designs are also only capable of exciting one sense or two at a time.

Therefore, when we engage in the most primal activities such as sex, we are able to excite all of our activities at once, satisfying our senses and their usage. Our perception of the world has become mostly monosensory, therefore when we reconnect again with mother nature and perceive the world through multisensory experiences, we are the most satisfied.

This talk shows us that modern technology can be designed around our senses, to bring back the most primal side of humans. If humans are born to see, smell, hear, taste, and touch, those senses should be used daily so we can fulfil the usage of those senses. This talk opens us to many possibilities, as well as reminds us the importance of senses.

TERMS: smell, taste, touch, sight, hear, elicit, multisensory, evolutionary

For this assignment, i chose one of the tedtalks, this one is Boniface Mwangi talk. it's about a young man who grew up in kenya and his world was messed up for the longest. his country was corrupted by the leader they chose to lead them, and he had no choice but to do something about it. In his culture, he was told that it's okay to be coward, it's good to just stay silence and not speak up about something even though you might see it as it was wrong, he tried doing that all his life but something trager him, a bombing happened, that bombing was done by his government but the citizens of kenya didn't know about it, he was hired by a company to take photos of the event but to stay silence and not do or say anything about it, as that happened, people moved on, even though many people died, nothing was done by the government because well, the government was behnind the whole thing.

Because he saw many things, he couldn't just go back to his life, he was having a hard time adjusting back to the person he once was, he couldn't sleep, he couldn't eat, and everyone including his friends and family thought he was crazy, he had a plan, but he knew that that plan would cost him something, they had an event going that involved their president being there, he attended the event, as the president was speaking, he got up and started chanting that the president himselve was a murdered, his whole government is corrupted, and that his people selected a pig to run their country, that didn't go very well with the police, they beat him, they arrested him and jailed him for a week because he disrespected his leader, aweek later he was released.

As for his next move, he knew he needed supporters and evidences of things so it could get people attention and they can however hear him out without him being thrown in jail. he went to an exibit showing, where he presented all the pictures he took months earlier when the tragic was taking place, he was supposed to keep those pictures private but he couldnt do it anymore, he showed kids that are in school, kids that are just kids, kids that are in college, he basically traveled all over kenya to let his messaged me heard, well in this case, to let his message be seen, people started to get invloved, people started to listen, and it went all over the country, where in every where, they started marching and they started letting other people know, and before he knew , the whole world knew about what his president was doing to his people, and some legal actions were taken, he's still working and try and improve his country daily but without his vision and how determined he was, this problem would still be going on and the world would have no idea about it.

This relates to sensation and perception because the pictures he took, he used visual to show people what was going wrong with his country, people perceived it as what it is or what it might be, but without him using the visual skills through the camera that he did, none of those problems would be known by the world or his people themselvwes, through his lens, he told a story that changed his country fate and without him having the hope and the beliefs he had about his pictures, none of this would've happened.
Terms: Visual system, Photography, Vision.

For my online assignment for thursday I chose to look into the video Can we Create New Senses for Humans. I choose this video cause it sounded interesting as we have been learning alot about our sense and how our brain perceives the world throughout the different nerves and frequencies that our bodies encounter everyday. The start of this video was very interesting to me as David Eagleman made a statement that as humans we can perceive less than ten-trillion light waves. This made me really start thinking if our brain is perceiving less than ten-trillion light waves and David Eagleman thinks this is a bad thing then how many light waves do we actually perceive. As we go about our life we are really only seeing a select view of what is actually around us. We are not very good at understanding reality because our brain in not able to understand all of our perception as we are only able to see what is stuck in the middle. Our body is not equipped to actually pick up all the different signals that often are going through our body like cell phones, radio signals, gamma rays, x rays and many others that our body is not able to actually pick up and understand as we are utterly blind to this information. What David Eagleman is saying is that our understanding of our perception is constrained by our biology. Our brains are only sampling a little bit of the world. What we are not able to pick up on is our umwelt which is defined as our surrounding world as our brain only sees our perceptive reality. Its like when we look at a dog who relies on their nose to know that there is a cat 900 yards away or that your neighbor stood on that very spot 6 hours ago, because we are humans we have not experienced that extreme sense of smell we don’t miss it because we are set in our own umwelt. David Eagleman looked into if technology can expand our umwelt and see if that can expand our experience for being human. We look at those who are already walking around our world with other technological implants like like the optical implant and the cochlear implant. Our brain is able to figure out how to understand the signals that are around you as your brain is really not “seeing” the world as it is like it’s locked into a black vault and it takes the signals and produces what we see today. Our brain doesn’t care where it gets the signals from it just takes all the information in and then figures out what to do with it. The PH model of evolution all our sensors that we know and love are merely plug and play devices as our brain figures out what to do with the data that comes in. Sensory substitution is when we feed information into the brain using unusual sensory channels. Looking into the sensory substitution for the deaf, they wanted to make sounds from the world to make a deaf person understand what is said. By using cell phones and tablets and is wearable underneath the clothing. As one speaks the tablet or cell phone then picks up what one is saying and then transmits those sounds into vibrations and sends them to the vest. As one is speaking the sound is getting transmitted into vibrations as they test this with deaf people people are able to with a short time period that are able to understand the language of the vest. I personally think that this is a great idea and just one more option for someone who is born profoundly deaf and or over time has went deaf for a unknown or known reason they are able to now learn a language that deals with the vibrations that they are feeling rather than having to rely on a surgery and other types of devices that may work but they may not want. By giving these people one more option for their lives I personally feel is a great thing. I also think that by doing more research about the different sensory plug in’s that we are then able to expand our human umwelt and continue to learn more about our bodies and our brains in how we work.

Terms: umwelt, sensory substitution, ph model of evolution, technological implants, retina implant, cochlear implants, light waves, and perceptive reality.

http://www.ted.com/talks/david_eagleman_can_we_create_new_senses_for_humans#t-748964

https://www.ted.com/talks/annie_murphy_paul_what_we_learn_before_we_re_born

As I was combing through the TED website, trying to find a video that I was interested in, I came across video that discussed developing senses before birth. This relates to any discussion we have had in class because it covers all of our senses. After watching and listening to this video, researchers have come to the conclusion that we are not born with our five senses. Actually we are born with upwards of twelve senses. This video was performed byAnnie Murphy Paul and the video is called “What we learn before we're born”.

Since I am a parent, and have a the experience of going through the child process with my wife, I have always been interested in what babies remember from being in the womb, and also what they do learn from being inside the mother. This video does an excellent job at conveying all of that information.

Although there are many barriers that buffer the fetus from the outside world; amniotic fluid, embryonic membranes, uterus, and the maternal abdomen, the fetus lives in a stimulating environment of sound, vibration, and motion. Many studies now confirm that voices reach the womb, rather than being overwhelmed by the background noise created by the mother and placenta. Intonation patterns of pitch, stress, and rhythm, as well as music, reach the fetus without much distortion. A mother's voice is particularly powerful because it is transmitted to the womb through her own body reaching the fetus in a stronger form than outside sounds. Musical sounds can cause changes in a baby’s metabolism also. "Brahm's Lullabye," for example, played six times a day for five minutes in a premature baby nursery produced faster weight gain than voice sounds played on the same schedule. Working with 400 fetuses, researchers in Belfast beamed a pure pulse sound at 250-500 Hz and found behavioral responses at 16 weeks gestation, clearly seen via ultrasound. This is especially significant because reactive listening begins eight weeks before the ear is structurally complete at about 24 weeks. These findings indicate the complexity of hearing, helping support the idea that receptive hearing begins with the skin and skeletal framework, skin being a multireceptor organ cyphering noise from vibrations, thermo receptors, and pain receptors. This primary listening system is then amplified with vestibular and cochlear information as it becomes available. With responsive listening proven at 16 weeks, hearing is clearly a major information channel operating for about 24 weeks before birth. Vision, probably our most predominant sense after birth, steadily gets stronger during gestation. Study this is particularly harder. Many new sciences techniques and technical advances have made it more possible to study. At the time of birth, vision is perfectly focused from 8 to 12 inches. Although testing eyesight in the womb has not been feasible, we can learn from testing premature babies. When tested from 28 to 34 weeks gestation for visual focus and horizontal and vertical tracking, they usually show these abilities by 31-32 weeks gestation. Abilities increase rapidly with experience so that by 33-34 weeks gestation, both tracking in all directions as well as visual attention equals that of babies of 40 weeks gestation. Full-term newborns have impressive visual resources including acuity and contrast sensitivity, refraction and accommodation, spacial vision, binocular function, distance and depth perception, color vision, and sensitivity to flicker and motion patterns. Their eyes search their environment around the clock, showing curiosity and basic form. In utero, eyelids remain closed until about the 26th week.

I am always amazed to read and see how much research and testing can be done. I find this TED video even more intriguing because I would have never known just how much babies in utero can learn and perceive so much information through different receptors (many of which I didn’t think were developed yet), and how much environment plays such a big part of learning for the child. When the boys were in the womb, I played a lot of rock-a-byes, and still do this day, they prefer to listen to that type of music over any other genre that is on the radio!

References:
http://www.viewzone.com/babytalk.html This website talked about research and studies

TERMS: amniotic fluid, embryonic membranes, uterus, fetus, sound, vibration, motion, intonation patterns, pitch, rhythm, distortion, reactive listening, vibrations, thermo receptors, vestibular, cochlear, receptive hearing, amplified, visual focus, horizontal tracking, vertical tracking, acuity, contrast sensitivity, refraction, accommodation, spacial vision, binocular function, distance perception, depth perception, color vision, motion patterns

I found a ted talk that attempted to explain why exercise is harder for some than others by Emily Balcetis. I thought it related to sensation and perception since it talked about how an individual persons senses can are related to how “doable” an activity is, exercise in this case.
The first concept the Balcetis talked about is how important vision is in how we perceive the world around us. The writers of the textbook agreed as the first eight chapters in the book covered the ins and outs of the eyes and vision system. One example Balcetis used to explain how important vision is to our perception of the word was to show a picture of human making a face that expressed and emotion. The most common answer Balcetis and her research team got was discomfort, as I picked, but that was not the only answer they received. This is an example of how subjective perception is.
That is how she explained the concept of “the mind’s eye”, which can be defined as the way a person sees the world. She used the example of apples to explain this. People who are dieting perceived an apple to be larger than people who were not dieting. She applied this to human’s perception of facial expressions when they altered a picture of Obama to be lighter or darker in hue. The team then asked people which picture was more accurate and who they voted for in the 2008 presidential election. Of The people who agreed with pictures with lighter skinned Obama being more accurate, 75% voted for him in the election. And 89% of people who voted for McCain thought the darker skin version was more acetate. This was an example of how perception can impact political beliefs.
The research team then wanted to know more about how motivation impacted the will to exercise. First the research team had to find some basic stats of the part pants they found for their study. They did this by measuring the hip to waist ratio. Higher numbers in dated a lower fitness level. Then the researchers asked the patipants to estimate the distance to the finish line they had set up. Those with a high hip to waist ratio estimated the distance to be further than the people with a low hip to waist ratio estimated. Basically, the more fit people were more motivated to exercise because it was perceived o be easier. This lead the research team to come up with the directive of “keeps your eyes on the prize”.
This directive was thought to be effective an effective weight loss strategy because it told the person exercising to focus only on the objective, and not any distracters that may get in the way of the goal. And the researchers were correct, part pants who used the directive thought the finish line was 30% closer than those who did not. The part pants also reported that they had to use 17% less effort to cross the finish line when keeping that directive in mind, than those who did not. I thought this was interesting because it applied the concepts we talk about in sensation and perception to the real world, which is why I took this class.
URL: https://www.ted.com/talks/emily_balcetis_why_some_people_find_exercise_harder_than_others/transcript?language=en
Terms: exercise, senses, perceive, eyes, vision system, emotion discomfort, subjective, the mind’s eye, facial expressions , picture , lighter, darker, hue, motivation, hip to waist ratio, lower fitness level, high hip to waist ratio , low hip to waist ratio , directive, keeps your eyes on the prize, weight loss strategy , objective, distracters , goal.

“The Heather World”
http://tedxtalks.ted.com/video/The-Heather-world-Heather-Artin

As we have been talking about hearing recently in class I decided to look further into what deafness means and how it is more than biology but also a culture. This talk is Heather Artinian now a college student at Georgetown University. She was born Deaf to Deaf parents and both siblings are also Deaf. Her maternal grandparents are also Deaf but her paternal grandparents are hearing. You may notice that I have capitalized Deaf, that is because deaf is the medical term and Deaf is a cultural term. Heather is the subject of two documentaries “The Sound and Fury” and “The Sound and Fury 6 Years Later”. These document the controversy and effects of cochlear implants. Many in the Deaf community are suspicious of these implants. They view these as an affront to deafness and treatment as though deafness is a disability which they do not view it as such.
There are some unique things in this video. First is Heather’s speech. She has what is referred to as a Deaf accent. This comes from an inability to hear her voice clearly. Her speech is not a concise or as clear. I have experienced this as I was with a woman who is Deaf and she made a comment about the “dumper” on the car. It took me a minute but I was able with mouth movement to correct the d to a b for bumper. The woman, Rachel also has a cochlear implant that she wears some of the time.
In this video Heather talks about getting the implant at age ten and that the doctors were not sure if it would be very successful. This is because of development of speech that we learned occurs in later infancy and toddlerhood. Because of her age Heather went through intensive speech therapy. There is learning on forming words and expelling them. Mouth movement that hearing people take for granted must also be learned.
Also, the cochlear implant does not give clear hearing the way someone with no loss hears. The sound is more mechanical and is different for everyone based on individual issues. Those with an implant must also learn to hear. This seems odd but the Deaf do not think in sound the way hearing people do, so they must learn to decipher as well.
Heather speaks of living in Heather World as she embraces both communities, something that can be difficult. Communication for the Deaf can be difficult and isolating which is why many younger people even those referred to as “Deaf of Deaf” are opting for implants, but yet embracing the Deaf community and still maintaining ASL language skills. Sign Language will still be the easiest form of communication but having the ability to communicate even limited makes more doors of opportunity available for them.

Terms: hearing, cochlear implant, deafness, speech, deaf accent, therapy, development

turning vision into sentences
computer re
https://www.ted.com/talks/fei_fei_li_how_we_re_teaching_computers_to_understand_pictures#t-1062854
I watched the video about teaching computers to recognize images like we do. Teaching the computer to look at a picture and give a sentence about what was happening when the picture was taken. I thought it was really interesting because, well it really shows much more advanced our technology is than we realize.
The video starts out talking about how three year olds perceive pictures "those are people getting on a plane, thats a boy eating a cake" etc. The video talks about how they currently have the computers almost able to perceive those images on the same level as a thee year old. They hope to eventually be able to move past the three year olds level up to a teens or an adults perception of different pictures. They have the computer recognizing billions of images and being able to put together sentences such as "the cat is sitting on the bed" etc.

It talks about how our visual system works, left side sees the right, vice versa.

Vision, perception, visual system, recognition,

Daniel Kish: How I use sonar to navigate the world
http://www.ted.com/talks/daniel_kish_how_i_use_sonar_to_navigate_the_world

Daniel Kish is a man who has been blind since he was 13 months old. He uses flashes of sound, produced by the clicking of his tongue, which bounce off of objects in his environment, return back to him, and allow him to process the environment based on the clicks that he hears. He is thus able (with the addition of a cane) to perceive the world around him.
He says that most of the fear associated with blindness is in the mind. These impressions are far more threatening than blindness itself. Common stereotypes about blindness are those of ignorance, and ‘hapless exposure to the ravages of the dark unknown’. Daniel’s parents new ignorance and fear live in the mind, which is adaptable, and he was fortunate enough to be raised in a family that new this and ‘gave’ him the opportunity to adapt his mind. He explains that ignorance and fear wasn’t an option for him; rather, they understood that blindness is a challenge, not immobilizing fear. His parents were determined that he would move out, get a job, pay taxes and have his freedom as an adult.
Daniel’s echolocation process (which he calls flash sonar) is very comparable to how our eyes perceive light wavelengths from any object that we see. When the sound waves return to him with pieces of information (very similar to light for us), he has learned to form images in his visual cortex from this information. Daniel says that this activation process takes a little time and activation. Activation training has been taught to blind people all over the world to people of all kinds of backgrounds. His childhood of loving freedom enabled him to adapt his mind to this type of echolocation, specifically allowing him to perceive his environment.
He elaborates that his ability to see with his ears is advantageous over those of us using our eyes. His sight extends 360 rather than our forward 180 degrees. It extends all above him, around corner, and through surfaces. Hearing is also much more sensitive than vision, and is processed much more quickly than visual input. Our vision relies on a collection of visual cues in combination with knowledge the Bayesian approach to assume what we are seeing. Daniel sees by using his ears – the same process we use to discover the distance a source of sound may be. As the textbook points out, very few places in the world are completely quiet, outside of a sound laboratory. There is always the noises of other people, heating and air conditioning equipment, the very faint noise a fluorescent light makes, etc. Daniel is extremely perceptive to all of these noises because they help him visualize the world. In many cases, they seem much more reliable than sighted people’s using their eyes and the many visual cues to determine distance and motion.
Terms: sound, echolocation, adaptation, perception, light wavelengths, sound wavelengths, visual cues, visual cortex

https://www.ted.com/talks/dennis_hong_making_a_car_for_blind_drivers#t-202800

I did a Ted Talk video over making a car for the blind. I thought this would be a really interesting video considering we’ve talked about blindness many times in class. Also, working on and racing cars is a huge passion of mine, and I couldn't imagine not being able to do it because of something like being blind. Blindness is a lack of video. It may also refer to a loss of vision that can’t be corrected with glasses or contact lenses. It means that you can’t see anything including light. Vision loss refers to the partial or complete loss of vision. The vision loss may happen suddenly or over a period of time. Some types of vision loss never lead to complete blindness. Blindness has many causes including accidents or injuries to the surface of the eye, diabetes, glaucoma, or macular degeneration. The type of partial loss may differ depending on the cause. With cataracts, vision man be cloudy or fuzzy, and bright light may cause a glare. With diabetes, vision may be blurred, there may be shadows or missing areas of vision, and difficulty seeing at night. With glaucoma, there may be tunnel vision and missing areas of vision. With macular degeneration, the side vision is normal but the central vision is slowly lost. Other causes may be blocked blood vessels, complications of premature birth, complications of eye surgery, lazy eye, optic neuritis, stroke, retinitis pigmentosa, and tumors such as optic glioma. Other types of vision loss are agnosia, esotropia, and amblyopia. Agnosia is one’s visual system and the lack of ability to recognize a person by their face. It’s also known as “psychic blindness.” A lot of people who have strokes deal with this issue. One part of the temporal lobe, the infernotemporal cortex, effects this part of the visual system. Neurons in the striate cortex are activated by simple stimuli and respond only if their preferred stimuli are presented in very restricted portions of the visual field. But if the cells in the IT cortex have receptive fields, that can spread over the visual field causing problems. Esotropia is a binocular vision disorder. Esoptropia is categorized in the form of strabismus. In this disorder, the eye deviates inward. Both eyes do not point at the same spot. About 3% of the world has this problem. This problem can be surgically fixed though. Esotropia may be intermitten or constant. It is classified by age of onset, by frequency, or by whether it can be treated by glasses. It may occur with near fixtation, distance fixation, or both. Esotropia, which is also known as crossed eyes, can begin as early as infancy or later in childhood. Congenital estropia is a type of strabismus which can first appear in the first six months of life. The cause of this is still unknown. But it is thought that the problem is in the brain’s inability to coordinate the movement of the eyes. People who have this will often alternate their vision between the two eyes by crossing one eye and other times the other. Amblyopia is the problem between the brain and eye working together which creates a vision problem. The vision in one eye is reduced because the eye and the brain are not working properly together like they should. The eye itself looks normal, but it is not being used normally because the brain is favoring one eye. It can sometimes be called a lazy eye. With this condition, the person doesn’t send as many neuro-electrical signals to the brain with the lower functioning eye. This can be caused by a number of reasons. The under-usage of the neural pathways damages the ability for one of the eyes to see normally. It can be caused by the misalignment of the two eyes, which is a condition called strabismus. With strabismus, the eyes can cross in, which is esotropia, or turn out, which is exotropia. Sometimes amblyopia is caused by clouding of the eye, which is generally known as cataract. It can also occur when one eye is more nearsighted, farsighted, or has more astigmatism. These all refer to the ability of the eye to focus light on the retina. The Ted Talk covered all of these topics. It then covered how the researcher planned to work with these conditions to allow blind or vision-problemed people to drive. They used technology to be able to see the perception of the vehicle and every part around it. The car was able to detect if there were objects on any side of the car. It also used the driver’s grip and a speed strip so the driver would also have control of the vehicle. The point was so that the car wasn’t in full control and driving, they wanted to be able to give the blind person a chance to have some control. Using the system of perception, computation, and non-visual interfaces they were able to do this. The first blind person to drive a car was a success and didn’t hit any box that the experimenters threw out on the road to test. I thought it was really interesting and brilliant that we’ve been able to come up with this system.

Terms: Blindness, perception, computation, non-visual interfaces, vision, light, glaucoma, macular degeneration, cataracts, tunnel vision, vessels, lazy eye, optic neuritis, stroke, retinitis pigmentosa, optic glioma, agnosia, esotropia, visual system, temporal lobe, infernotemporal cortex, neurons, striate cortex, stimuli, IT cortex, receptive fields, binocular vision disorder, strabismus, frequency, eye, brain, lazy eye, neuro-electircal, exotropia, nearsighted, farsighted, astigmatism, retina.

On this website the thing I found most interesting was a video I watched called “this is how we talk about war” it was extremely interesting to me and I could easily relate it to sensation and perception. The woman in this video described war, from her journalist point of view, however; what stuck with me the most was a story she told about her Arabian friend who experienced war first hand. She tells the story of how everything went from a normal day, to a day that felt like the end for everything. She described the sensations she experienced when she had to hand her 2 year old son to a stranger on a bus in hopes that the man would get him to a safer place.
This made me start to think about all of the sensations you would experiencing when actually being part of a war. The soldiers would experience the loud blasts in their ears. They would experience the earth shaking blasts that would go through their bodies and through their ear cannels finding their way into the inner ear and shaking their brain. I found this to be extremely interesting because we don’t often consider the process of war because it isn’t exactly something we see outside our door; however, many people really do experience the devastating effects of war. Their sensations help them perceive what is happening, how close it is happening to them, how serious it is and how it may affect them.
https://www.ted.com/talks/janine_di_giovanni_what_i_saw_in_the_war

terms: sensation, perception, hearing, inner ear, deafness