Topical Blog Week #4 (Due Thursday)

Terms:Target Behavior, consequence, positive reinforcement, desirable, undesirable, discriminate stimulus, reinforces.

I chose a clip from one of my favorite shows Its Always Sunny in Philadelphia to illustrate a discriminative stimulus and how it affects behavior. The target behavior in this clip that is being reinforced by Dee is Charlie hitting strangers in the face with a volleyball (this occurs from 1:05- 1:15). The consequence perceived by Charlie and Dee is that emitting this behavior will make people laugh and be put on Saturday Night Live. The actual consequence for Charlie is that by hitting Dee instead, it made the strangers laugh. Both consequences for Charlie involves the addition of something desirable which is the strangers laughing. The antecedent is Charlie filming the scene which they hope to have aired on Saturday Night Live. The discriminative stimulus is the large construction working standing up and scowling at Charlie. This discriminative stimulus affects the target behavior by altering who the behavior (being hit in the face with a volleyball) is directed toward.

A= On camera
B= Charlie hits Dee in the face with a volleyball
C= The construction workers laugh

This clip is an example of positive reinforcement for Charlie. When he hits Dee in the face with the volleyball he is receiving laughs from strangers that may increase the frequency of Charlie hitting Dee again.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DQW3KwRtZj4

Terms: Consequence, antecedent, target behavior, discriminative stimulus, emitting, frequency, reinforced, addition, desirable, positive reinforcement

PART TWO - Behavior Observation. We asked you to observe a particular behavior you emit and to record that behavior for a week.

1)I cracking my knuckles

2) I made a tally mark in my notebook every time I cracked my knuckles

3) Recording my behavior with a tally mark worked fairly well. I most often crack my knuckles during class or while doing homework where my notebook is readily available. If I did not have my notebook with me I simply kept a mental note which in turn I remembered when I was about to or had already cracked my knuckles.

4) Knowing that I was recording my behavior, the frequency of the behavior reoccurring slightly decreased over time.

PART ONE
1. My clip is from one of my favorite cartoons that I would watch as a child, “Coyote and The Roadrunner”. In this clip, like all the other episodes of the show, Coyote and Roadrunner are in the middle of a particular desert. Coyote is using different contraptions to try and catch Roadrunner. In the particular segment of this video that I chose, Coyote has apparently learned how to levitate items. Coyote sets up a sign that says, “Free Bird Seed”, and levitates a very large rock over the sign with the seeds sitting below the rock. Roadrunner sees the sign, reads it, and eats the seeds unharmed. The Coyote is upset that he was not able to get the rock to stop levitating, and when he tries to figure out how to get it down it falls down and smashes him.
2. The target behavior is the roadrunner identifying the sign and eating the free seeds (4:48)
3. The consequence is that the roadrunner got to eat free bird seeds until satiation
4. The consequence involves the addition of something desirable, the bird seeds, but leads to an aversive situation for the roadrunner
5. The antecedent is the roadrunner seeing the sign.
6. The discriminative stimulus was the actual sign that said “Free Bird Seed”
7. The discriminative stimulus affects the target behavior because it triggers the Roadrunner to act and eat the seeds
A= Roadrunner sees the sign
B= Roadrunner eats birdseeds and leaves
C= Coyote tries to find out what went wrong and gets smashed
This is an example of positive reinforcement, because the Roadrunner has learned from this incident, and most other incidents if you have ever seen the show, that when he approaches one of Coyote’s signs it is usually not an aversive outcome, and that something pleasurable (such as the Coyote getting hurt and the Roadrunner staying safe) comes out of it.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HiQzdiJ6D4s

Terms Used – Satiation, target behavior, consequence, aversive, antecedent, discriminative stimulus, outcome, pleasurable, emit

PART TWO
1. For my target behavior I originally chose limiting the amount of junk food I eat, but I decided to change it to the amount of times I twitch my nose (this is a behavior that I emit frequently that bothers me).
2. I made a tally mark in my notebook every time I twitched my nose
3. It worked well to record a tally in my notebook. If there was ever a time that I didn’t have my notebook on me I would make a tally on my notebook on my phone and then make the real notebook tally later on.
4. I noticed that during the school week when I had class my behavior was pretty consistent, but on the weekend it occurred less. So, I concluded that for some reason I twitch my nose more when I am in class around other people.

Part One
1. The clip I chose to use is from the television show Full House. In this episode Michelle's best friend has moved away to a new state and Michelle is extremely sad. Uncle Jessie takes Michelle into his room and sings the song that he wrote especially for her. This finally made Michelle smile and be happy. Michelle's saddness elicteed Jessie's emitted behavior of singing which was a reinforced by the consequence of Michelle smiling.
2. The target behavior in this clip is Jessie singing the song that he wrote for Michelle to Michelle. (1:34)
3. The consequence of the target behavior of Jessie singing the song that he wrote for Michelle to Michelle is Michelle smiling.
4. This consequence of Michelle smiling is an addition of somthing desirable.
5. The antecedent of this situation is Michelle being sad.
6.A discriminative stimulus is described in the book as being an antecedent. A discriminative stimulus affects the liklihood of emitting the target behavior which in this case, is Jessie singing the song that he wrote to Michelle for her, before the target behavior is emitted. In this situation Michelle being sad is the discriminative stimulus.
7. Michelle being sad is the discriminative stimulus because it increased the liklihood of Jessie singing the song that he wrote for Michelle before it is emitted.
A- The antecedent is Michelle being sad.
B- The target behavior is Jessie singing the song that he wrote for Michelle to Michelle.
C-The consequence is Michelle smiling.

This is an example of positive reinforcemnt. It is positive because Michelle smiling is an addition of something that is desirable to Jessie. It is reinforcement because Michelle smiling will increase the frequency of Jessie singin the song that he wrote for Michelle to her to experience the consequence again.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lbBPyG_Pw_g

Terms Used: elict, emit, reinforced, consequence, target behavior, discriminative stimulus, antecedent, positive reinforcement, desirable

Part Two
1. The specific target behavior that I emit in which I chose to observe was when I consumed food of any amount. I had originally stated the target behavior as eating and then seperated it into eating a snack and eating a meal but after the further reading sections that covered target behaviors more specifically I realized that these were two different emitted behaviors and so is not acceptable as one single target behavior.
2. Originally I recorded how many meals I ate a day and how many snacks that I ate a day. After reevaluating the target behavior I changed this and recorded on a piece of paper next to my computer how many times that I consumed food of any amount that day before bed.
3.This was very effective because I am generally on my computer before bed and left a note up on my computer reminding me to do so. Doing it at this time allowed for me to not have to record throughout the day or have to remember the day after in the morning.
4. Based on the data from observing the emitted behavior the target behavior increased the third and fourth days of recording but then went back to how they were at the beginning of the observation.

The clip I chose to use is a commercial for college gameday. This show provides insight into college football and everyone involved in it. It attempts to poke fun of some of the signs that coaches use to call plays on the sidelines in fear of the other team figuring it out. The clip is at a meeting with a college coach when his assistant walks in and displays one of these signs. The sign contains four pictures ( about 10 seconds in) on it and each one has meaning. One tells him to go over game film, one means uniform combinations, and the last tells him he cannot bring potato salad to the potluck. This one was clearly relied from the coach who decided his was going to make it. In regard to the sign, each picture is elliciting a different behavior. Based on each sign, he will emit a different behavior. In this case, the target behavior would be for him not to bring potato salad to the potluck. If he does, the consequence will be that he deliberately made the same thing which will make the other coach angery. This would be the addition of something undesirable. The discriminative stimulus is the sign and it effects his behavior by limiting a choice on what he can bring to the potluck. Specifically, it means he cannot bring potato salad.
A= Seeing the sign
B= Making food for the potluck
C= Cannot make potato salad

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RCkhpQKX2Rw

terms: elliciting, emit, discriminative stimulus, undesirable, consequence, antecedent

1. My target behavior would be to do some sort of cardio workout everyday
2. Each day I would write down what I did on that day and would also plan for the next. That way, I already had in mind what I needed to be doing.
3. It worked well for me because it provided some structure. I knew what I had to get done each day and I made sure that I got it done. Instead of thinking all day about what I wanted to do, and in some cases using it as an excuse, I know what to do and how to do it.
4. It increased because I had goals that were written down and that I was reading each time I walked in my room. It kept it fresh in my head and kept me motivated.

1) In this clip, Claire, Haley and Alex are driving to school and while Claire is gossiping with her daughters about a family, a car is close to hitting them at an intersection. They slam to a stop and Claire freaks out about how a stop sign should be placed there. As she proceeds to drive, she hits a runner who turns out to be her husband, Phil.
2) The target behavior I am illustrating is stopping at an intersection because it reinforces the need for a stop sign to ensure safety.
3) The consequence of the behavior is almost getting hit by another car and accidently hitting Phil, Claire’s husband when he was running.
4) The consequence is the removal of something undesirable, which would be the likeliness of accidents.
5) The antecedent for this scene is driving up to an intersection.
6) The discriminative stimulus is the stop sign.
7) The stop sign would affect the target behavior because since it is a discriminative stimulus, it signals to the driver to elicit the behavior to stop which emits the driver to hit the brake and stop the car and hopefully check for other cars and pedestrians.

A=
Driving through an intersection
B= Almost getting hit by a car and hitting Phil.
C= Wanting a stop sign for the intersection

This is an example of negative reinforcement because it is the removal of the safety hazard of the intersection.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s0MLvMNPOis

Part Two:

1. The target behavior I recorded for a week was to see if I washed my face every night before bed, which includes washing with my cleanser, using a toner, and applying lotion.
2. I recorded this behavior by writing down in my planner each night that I accomplished the behavior.
3. This recording method worked well for me because I remembered (almost) every night that I still needed to mark it off so that motivated me to take the two minutes and wash my face.
4. This method did increase my target behavior, besides on one night, because knowing I needed to mark down my accomplishment of that behavior motivated me to emit it so I wouldn’t feel guilt for not.

Terms: Target Behavior, Reinforces, Consequence, Antecedent, Discriminative Stimulus, Elicit, Emit

1. In this clip, Brian is talking loudly in a bar. Peter takes Brian's loud talking as a sign that Brian is smart. Because Peter thinks Brian is smart, he approaches Brian and asks for an autograph.
2. The target behavior is Peter approaching Brian and asking for his autograph. This happens approximately 33 seconds into the video.
3. The consequence of the behavior is that Brian signs an autograph for Peter.
4. The consequence involves the addition of something desirable.
5. The antecedent is Brian sitting in a bar talking loudly with people.
6. The discriminative stimulus is Brian talking loudly.
7. Brian's loud talking (the discriminant stimulus) signals to Peter that Brian is smart, which makes Peter want Brian's autograph (target behavior).

A: Brian sitting in a bar talking loudly
B: Peter approaches Brian and asks for an autograph
C: Brian gives Peter his autograph

This is an example of positive reinforcement, because the consequence of Peter's action was the addition of something desirable. Peter will be more likely to ask other people for their autographs.

http://www.hulu.com/watch/444109

Terms:
Target Behavior, Consequence, Addition, Desirable, Antecedent, Discriminative Stimulus, Positive Reinforcement.

Part Two:

1. My target behavior was clearing my throat.
2. I tried to record how often I cleared my throat each day by keeping track on my iPad.
3. This method of recording information did not work very well because I realized that I clear my throat at some very inconvenient times
4. I think that my behavior varied. Some times I found that thinking about clearing my throat made me want to clear my throat even more. However, other times I found the simple act of paying attention to the behavior as aversive, which sometimes deterred me from clearing my throat.

PART ONE

1)In my commercial, a male and female are playing rock, paper, scissors for a bag of Doritos and the winner gets to eat the bag of them. They end up tying the first two games of rock, paper, and scissors so; they’re in the third game when they notice their little dog gets pretty close to the bag of Doritos. The female moves the dog away from the bag. Then they play the last game of rock, paper, scissors when the males wins. They turn towards the bag of Doritos and they’re gone. They both yell “dog” and go find the dog when they noticed the dog has an orange circle around his mouth and an empty bag of Doritos sitting next to him. The female picks up the dog and acts like she’s going to lick the dogs’ mouth where the orange Doritos stain is.

2)The target behavior being elicited would be rock, paper, scissors being played. If you win the game you get the bag of Doritos.

3)The consequence of the target behavior occurs when the game is over and there is a winner. In this case, it was the male winning but the dog ate the Doritos because their game took so long.

4)For the male who won the consequence was the addition of something desirable however, the dog ate it before he could enjoy the Doritos.

5)A- Both the male and female want the bag of Doritos.
B- Playing rock, paper, scissors.
C- The male winner the bag of Doritos, but the dog already ate them.

6)This commercial is an example of positive reinforcement because the winner of the games wins the bag of Doritos. Both of these people enjoy Doritos so that makes it positive reinforcement. If neither of them liked Doritos maybe the consequence would be negative. However, by the looks of the situation they both really want to win the bag of Doritos because they are pleasant and desirable.

TERMS: target behavior, consequence, elicit, desirable, emitting, positive reinforcement

PART TWO

1)The target behavior I am emitting is increasing my cardio and workout routine so I can get into better physical shape.

2)I write down when I go workout on a piece of paper so I am keeping track of my physical activity.

3)My recording method worked well because it’s easy to remember what days I’ve worked out and what days I haven’t so it’s easy to keep track mentally and on a sheet of paper.

4)I would say my behavior has increased since I’ve been keeping track because I have to actually write it down and I can visibly see what days I work out and what days I do not.

1. This clip is from one of my favorite TV shows, Nikita. The scene is when one of the “bad guys” (Amanda) captures Birkhoff (a good guy) and tortures him. She crushes his hand and threatens to destroy his most prized possession: his mind.
2. The target behavior is getting Birkhoff to give Amanda information about Nikita’s whereabouts. From 0:01-0:12, you can see Amanda asking about Nikita and Birkhoff resisting. At 2:06, I believe that Birkhoff was about to emit the behavior in order to obtain the removal of the aversive stimulus (he later says that he almost gave her up in the show). Unfortunately, you can’t actually see the behavior being emitted in the clip because he is rescued by Nikita.
3. The consequence of the behavior will be the removal of something undesirable (the needle & the physical abuse). So, if Birkhoff emits the desired behavior, he will receive negative reinforcement. (However, Nikita intervenes before he has to give her up).
4. Like I said, the consequence involves the removal of something undesirable, so it’s an example of negative reinforcement.
5. The antecedent is the basement of a building where the black ops group “lives” (called Division).
6. The discriminative stimulus is the needle of the machine designed to remove brain tumors. Amanda was going to use it to damage Birhoff’s brain, so it was signaling Birkhoff that he was going to be punished if he did not emit the desired behavior.
7. The discriminative stimulus nearly causes Birkhoff to emit the target behavior. If it wasn’t for Nikita rescuing him at the last minute with a phone call, I think he would have given up her location. The needle was a strong discriminative stimulus because it was clear to Birkhoff that he would be punished if he did not emit the target behavior. However, if he did emit the target behavior, he would be reinforced by the removal of the aversive needle and physical beatings.

Please list the ABC's of the target behavior in the clip prior to the introduction of the discriminative stimulus:

A: The basement of Division, in interrogation
B: Birkhoff refuses to give up Nikita’s location
C: The needle is brought in to scare him into talking
This is an example of positive reinforcement because the needle is added in order to increase the likelihood of Birkhoff emitting the target behavior of talking.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5hWlGq_-QQ8

1. My target behavior was brushing my teeth. I had to use a toothbrush and toothpaste and brush for at least one minute.
2. I recorded my behavior in a journal, noting the approximate times and what I was doing around that time to try to identify trends. I found that I brush my teeth most often around the time that I take a shower.
3. My recording method worked pretty well for me, but sometimes I was busy and forgot to write it down right away. I sometimes still forgot to brush my teeth.
4. I saw an increase in the target behavior throughout the week. However, this may have only been because I knew I would probably be reporting it for this class. The idea of reporting how often I brush my teeth elicited an increase in the behavior. I brushed my teeth less last weekend but more towards the end of this week.
TERMS:
Target behavior, antecedent, discriminative stimulus, behavior, consequence, reinforcement, negative reinforcement, positive reinforcement, aversive, stimulus, emit, elicited

PART ONE:

1) I choose a clip from the TV show Law and Order: SVU. In this clip Olivia, Elliot, Wong, and the rest of the crew are following a young woman with something inside of her jacket. The women ended up meeting up with some guy with a red leather jacket on in a restaurant. Wong was inside observing them. The young women gave the man in the red jacket an envelope. After receiving the envelope the man in the red jacket walked to a bar down the block to give to the main man they were investigating.
2) The target behavior that is being emitted in this clip is Olivia, Elliot, and Wong walking down the street to follow the man in the red jacket to find and arrest the man they have been investigating, who is wearing a dark blue dress suit. 2:00-2:15
3) The consequence of the target behavior is that Olivia, Elliot, and Wong find and arrest the man who they have been investigating, who was given the envelope by the red-jacketed man.
4) The consequence involves the removal of something undesirable because the SVU unit is trying to find and arrest the man they have been looking for. They have been looking for this man and wanted to capture him, therefore, the consequence is the removal of something undesirable.
5) The antecedent is when the man in the red jacket walks out of the restaurant and down the street.
6) The discriminative stimulus is the young women giving the money to the man in the red leather jacket.
7) The discriminative stimulus affects the target behavior because the SVU detectives saw the young women give the man the envelope, which reinforced them to follow the man in the red jacket. Leading them to the perp they were looking for.

A= Red jacket man walks out of restaurant and walks down the street
B= SVU detectives walking down the street, following the red jacket man
C= Arrest man in the dark blue suit who was given the envelope from the red jacket man

This example represents a negative reinforcement because the man in the blue suit is being removed for the situation.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UZt1gNKVOO4

PART TWO:

1) I choose to record how many times a day I took tooth paste and put it on my tooth brush, and then got it wet with water from the facet and used the tooth brush with tooth paste on it to brush my teeth.
2) I recorded the target behavior by writing down how many times I day I emitted this behavior.
3) The method I used worked really well for me, I was able to keep track of how many times during a day I brushed my teeth.
4) Honestly, even though I was keeping track of my behavior it seemed to stay the same. There were days where I brushed my teeth three times a day, and somewhere it was only twice. Which was the exact same as before. As I keep keeping track of my behavior I should be able to tell whether or not my target behavior is increasing or decreasing.

Terms: target behavior, emitted, emit, consequence behavior, negative reinforcement, reinforcement, discriminative stimulus

PART ONE
1) This commercial talks about how Tylenol is the best thing for pain because it’s “tough on pain, but easy on the stomach.” It shows different people happy with their decision to take Tylenol.
2) The target behavior is the behavior that we want to either increase or decrease in frequency so the target behavior is taking Tylenol for the person’s pain.
3) The consequence to taking the Tylenol is that the person’s pain goes away.
4) The consequence involves the removal of something undesirable or aversive (pain).
5) The antecedent can be anywhere because a person can get a headache anywhere.
The antecedent can also be the gym because working out can cause you to be sore which can
be painful.

A= the gym (for example)
B= taking Tylenol for pain
C= the pain goes away

6) The discriminate stimulus is being in pain because it “sets the occasion” for a reinforcing or punishing behavior to occur.
7) The discriminate stimulus (being in pain) affects the target behavior (taking Tylenol for pain) by reinforcing the behavior of taking Tylenol for pain.

This is an example of negative reinforcement because it will increase the behavior of taking Tylenol in the future because it is removing something undesirable or aversive (pain).

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_YEHQP2qU6I

PART TWO
1) The target behavior I chose to observe was working out (increasing the behavior)
2) I recorded my behavior by putting stickers on the calendar on the days the I worked out and then writing down underneath it how long I actually worked out for (not how long in total from leaving my house to arriving back home)
3) I really like to put the stickers on the calendar because it allows me to physically see that I am in the process of accomplishing my goal which then makes me not want to give up.
4) My target behavior definitely increased because I began to want to put a sticker on the calendar and I wouldn’t be able to just lie and put one up there anyway.

Terms: antecedent, behavior, consequence, positive and negative reinforcement, aversive, target behavior, discriminate stimulus

1) This clip is from New Girl, and Nick is very mad, sitting at a park bench alone. When an older gentleman comes and sits next to him, Nick asks him to go for he doesn’t want to sit next to anyone he’s so angry. The man doesn’t say anything, just gives him a smile which leads to Nick opening up to the man as the older gentleman sits there silently smiling and nodding.
2) The target behavior is the man smiling at Nick. This reinforces Nick to open up and start talking to the man. This first occurs eight seconds in and he continues smiling throughout Nick’s spiel.
3) The consequence of the man smiling is Nick talking to him and opening up. Eventually Nick appreciates the man and admits to himself he has angry issues.
4) I believe the consequence adds something desirable. Nick was unwilling at first but he recognized that he needed to talk to someone. I think being able to talk to someone was inadvertently desirable for Nick.
5) The antecedent is Nick sitting alone on the park bench being angry.
6) The discriminative stimulus was Nick sitting alone in a park.
7) The discriminative stimulus, sitting in a park, led to him interacting with other people. If he would have chosen a more private area, he would have never met the older gentleman. Therefore he would have never gotten the target behavior, the smile.
A = Nick sitting alone in the park
B = The man smiling at Nick
C = Nick opening up and talking to someone
I think this is an example of positive reinforcement. It is positive because Nick feeling better after talking to someone is an addition of something desirable. It is reinforcement because now that Nick feels better after talking to someone when mad, he is more likely to talk to someone in the future if he feels that way again.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oNxBV2C1b4k
Terms: target behavior, reinforces, consequence, antecedent, discriminative stimulus, positive reinforcement
1) The target behavior I choose was drinking water. I don’t believe I drink enough water in a day.
2) I measured how much I drank by bottles of water. So I recorded how many bottles I drank a day.
3) I kept track on my phone which worked well because I always have it with me.
4) The behavior increased. I think that is because I was conscious of keeping track of exactly how many bottles I drank. Being aware of my behavior kept it in mind that I should drink more water.

Part One:
I chose a Kia commercial called “Space Babies”. The older boy asks his dad where babies come from and his dad goes through this whole process of explaining that they come from space and they wave good-bye and load a rocket when they are ready to come and meet their mom and dad and they are released all over the place, Africa, etc. At the end of explaining all of this the boy says well Jake says that babies are made when mommies and daddies..and the father speaks to the car and tells it to play the wheels on the bus so that he doesn’t have to answer the question. At the end of the commercial it says “it has an answer for everything.” All new Sorento 2014. The target behavior is answering the child’s question of where babies come from. The consequence of the behavior is not answering and telling the car to play The Wheels on the Bus. The consequence adds something desirable because the parents and even the child start jamming out to The Wheels on the Bus so it’s avoiding the child’s question of where babies come from. The antecedent is the boy asking where do babies come from. The discriminative stimulus is the dad looking at the mom and then telling the car to play The Wheels on the Bus to avoid answering the question. The discriminative stimulus reinforces the target behavior.
A= The boy asking his dad where babies come from
B= His dad coming up with an excuse that babies come from space and so on
C= After his dad saying they come from space the boy says Jake says they come from when mommies and daddies..and then they tell the car to play the Wheels on the Bus so they can avoid explaining where babies really come from.
This is an example of positive reinforcement because the dad avoids answering the question but they end up all jamming out to The Wheels on the Bus and didn’t have to answer where do babies come from.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rTOPT-IVmgQ

Terms: reinforcement, positive reinforcement, target behavior, discriminative stimulus, antecedent, consequence.

Part Two: My target behavior was how much food, meals and snacks included that I eat during the day. I recorded this behavior by recording in a journal what I ate every day. This method did work for me because I was able to see what I was eating and when I was eating it throughout the day. The behavior or my food eating during the day decreased because I kept track of how much I ate and I wanted it to decrease because I feel like I eat too much.

Part One

1) This is a clip of a commercial from in super bowl in 2012. In this commercial, the girl brown M’n’M is getting funny looks and laughed at by some guys at a party. The woman explains that the guys think the brown M’n’M is naked. She is upset by this and says, “Only a fool would think I’d actually show up naked.” Right after she says this, the red boy M’n’M comes in and say, “So it’s that kind of party!” and rips off his candy coating. 2) The reinforced behavior is the brown M’n”M seemingly being naked. (second .13) 3)The consequence to the brown M’n’M being naked is that the red M’n’M takes off his candy coating. 4) The consequence is the removal of something undesirable. The consequence is the removal of the red M’n’M’s candy coating. 5) The antecedent is at a party. 6) The discriminative is seeing and assuming that the brown M’nM is naked. 7) Because the red M’n’M sees the brown M’n’M seemingly naked, he thinks it is okay to take off his candy coating as well.

A) At a party
B) The brown M’n’M being seemingly naked.
C) The red M’n’M taking off his candy coating.

This is an example of negative reinforcement. The red M’n’M is taking away something undesirable, his candy coating.

Terms: Behavior, antecedent, consequence, discriminative stimulus, negative reinforcement.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FPPk81kBSR4

Part Two

1) My target behavior was watching Netflix. 2) I recoded this behavior by keeping track of it in a notebook. 3) Recording the behavior went well enough. I often didn’t record it right away but I would in the morning or when I had more time to write it down. 4) Just by observing my behavior, it didn’t increase or decrease. I felt I watched Netflix just as much as I normally would.

1) Briefly describe/summarize the clip: The commercial I choose was the infamous V8 commercial. Where there is a woman sitting in a diner waiting for her food and once the waiter sets down her burger and fries, the women’s reflection looks at her and bops her in the head as the announcer voice comes over and says “ could’ve had a V8”.

2) tell us what behavior (target behavior) you are using that illustrates the reinforced behavior (please note what time it occurs in the video): The target behavior in this commercial is wanting to not eat unhealthy food like a burger and fries but instead have a V8 which has a supplement of fruits and vegetables. The reinforced behavior is having a V8 instead of unhealthy food.

3) tell us what the consequence of the behavior is: the consequence for not drinking a V8 is a slap on the forehead.

4) tell us if the consequence involves the addition of something desirable or if it involves the removal of something undesirable: The consequence is the addition of something undesirable. The slap on the forehead is an aversive behavior this is an example of positive punishment because this situation is adding an aversive stimulus after the unfavorable behavior. The forehead slap is the aversive stimulus and eating unhealthy food is the unfavorable behavior.

5) tell us to the antecedent is: ordering a burger and fries

6) tell us what the discriminative stimulus is: The forehead slap is the discriminative stimulus, the forehead slap is there to suggest what is the appropriate or desirable behavior.

7) how does the discriminative stimulus affect the target behavior. The forehead slap is an undesirable action that can cause pain or startle someone before they choose to eat an unhealthy meal. So with the occurrence of a forehead slap you will not want to eat unhealthy food, and if you were to continuing ordering greasy food you might start to expect the forehead slap as a reminder that you could’ve had a V8.

Please list the ABC's of the target behavior in the clip prior to the introduction of the discriminative
stimulus:
A= ordering a burger and fries
B= eating the greasy burger and fries
C= a forehead slap

Now state if this is an example of positive reinforcement, or negative reinforcement. Explain why. If anything this would be a positive reinforcement. Because the addition of the reinforcing stimulus (forehead slap) which follows the behavior of deciding to eat unhealthy food. Thus making it next time the person will reconsider what they choose to order.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UJAJ8xw4374

PART TWO - Behavior Observation. We asked you to observe a particular behavior you emit and to record that behavior for a week.

1) State the behavior as a specific target behavior: To lose weight/ stop losing weight

2) State how you went about recording the behavior: I went to the gym for a week straight each day adding a new exercise and obsessively weighing myself after workouts.

3) How well did your recording method work for you? It doesn’t work extremely well because I seem to get obsessive about how much I weigh. Weight loss takes longer than a week to see a difference.

4) Simply based on observing your behavior, did it increase or decrease? My behavior increased because I know weight loss doesn’t happen over one week so in order to see the results I desire I will have to continue my behavior of going to the gym and exercising.

Terms: aversive, positive reinforcement, undesirable, target behavior, stimulus, discriminative stimulus, reinforcing stimulus, behavior, consequence.

1. In the clip from the Big Bang Theory Penny and Leonard are coming back from a date and as they walk up towards this apartment they hear music from Star Wars. Leonard suggests they don't go in because that means Sheldon is in a bad mood, but Penny insists that they do. Once inside they find Sheldon outraged that he has to work with Kripky. Leonard to make him feel better is required to memorize different drinks for his particular mood.

2. Sheldon is reinforcing Leonard to remember which drink he needs for his particular emotions when he agrees when Leonard says the right drink. He disagrees and explains more when Leonard offers him the wrong drink. If Leonard wants him to stop his aversive behavior, he must produce the desired behavior which is providing the correct drink. (0:44-1:25)

3. If Leonard says the right drink Sheldon desires he gets approval, if he says the wrong drink he gets a condescending explanation of his feelings is given to Leonard punishing him.

4. It is the removal of something undesirable. Leonard and Penny want to hang out in his apartment, but will not be able to with Sheldon in this particular state. Once Leonard gives him the correct drink for his tea, he is stop being so unruly.

5. The antecedent is the ominous music Sheldon plays

6. The discriminative stimulus is the ominous, star wars music.

7. This music warns Leonard that Sheldon is not in a good mood and to improve his mood he requires a specific drink.

A: Ominous music
B: Producing a specific drink for Sheldon's current emotions
C: Will be more pleasant to be around if right drink is acquired

This is an example of negative reinforcement because Sheldon will remove is bad attitude once he is happy with the drink Leonard makes for him. If the wrong drink is suggested he becomes more upset.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qSibseqLyYs

Terms: Target behaviors, negative reinforcement, antecedent, undesirable, removal, reinforcing, aversive, and punishing.

1. My target behavior for this past week was to do a cardio workout three days a week.
2. I recorded my behavior by writing it down in my agenda on my to-do list. After I worked out I could cross it off my list.
3. It worked very well. I'm big on lists and it gives me a little sense of accomplishment when I can check something off my list. I've had a lot of grad school applications to do so those items have been on my to-do list for a while. This being something I can get done in an hour was quite reinforcing.
4. It has increased. Before writing it in my planner I'd only worked out a couple of times this semester. This week I've already worked out four times.

Part One: Discriminative stimulus blog:

1) Briefly describe

- This is an M n M’s commercial that involves the concept of illusion, in a sense. A brown, girl M n M is at a party and while in the process of telling a story to two other women; a bystander begins to giggle. The girl M n M stops and asks, “What’s he laughing at?” The girls tell the M n M that the guy/bystander thinks she’s naked because of her color, (brown is the color of her coating and also of what’s underneath, her naked chocolate). She begins to explain that it’s the color of her shell and only an idiot would think she was nude. Spontaneously at that moment a Red M n M comes in and reacts to his thought that the brown M n M was naked by stating, “It’s that kind of a party!”, and rips off his clothing/shell like get really get naked. It is an adorably, creative way to include slight sexual intentions rather innocently which can be understood by even youngest at heart.

2) Tell us what behavior (target behavior) you are using that illustrates the reinforced behavior (please note what time it occurs in the video)

- The target behavior is this clip would be the illusion that the brown M n M is nude which happens in the first 20-30 seconds.

3) Tell us what the consequence of the behavior is

- The consequence is because of the illusion that the brown M n M is nude, it elicits the behavior of the red M n M to pull off his shell of clothing sort of like a flashing or streaking action and actually get naked!!!

4) Tell us if the consequence involves the addition of something desirable or if it involves the removal of something undesirable

- The consequence although might be undesirable for others is quite desirable for the Red M n M which is the removal of his shell and it was something that was undesirable by him. It seems that he was actually very happy that the party was in his mind “full of surprises”.

5) Tell us to the antecedent is

- The antecedent is the fact that the brown M n M was at the party just standing around

6) Tell us what the discriminative stimulus is

- The discriminative stimulus is brown colored M n M, which is portrayed as a girl gives the illusion to a bystander that she is naked because chocolate is also brown; gives the illusion that the she is naked at a party.

7) How does the discriminative stimulus affect the target behavior.

- In this clip that are one in the same; the target behavior is the discriminative behavior
Please list the ABC's of the target behavior in the clip prior to the introduction of the discriminative stimulus:

A= the brown M n M standing around at a party
B= the illusion that the brown M n M is nude
C= the red M n M actually ripped off his red shell coating/clothing and gets NAKED!!!

- This is an example negative reinforcement because it is the removal the Red M n M’s shell/clothing. Because it removed something it is considered a negative reinforcement because he Red M n M was hoping to encourage others with his behavior as well.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=foQGRvwR_9c

Terms: negative reinforcement, target behavior, discriminative stimulus, behavior, reinforcement, illusion, consequence, and antecendent

PART TWO:
1) State the behavior as a specific target behavior

- To stop or decrease my smoking habit

2) State how you went about recording the behavior

- On my desk calendar I marked each time I grabbed a cigarette and smoked it

3) How well did your recording method work for you?

- Very well because I kept my cigarettes on my desk and when I went to grab one I also put a stick mark on the day of the week that I did it.

4) Simply based on observing your behavior, did it increase or decrease?

- Absolutely because I was observing my behavior although I did also have help from mother nature because I caught the flu two days into the experiment which caused me to smoke even less because I was already feeling ill.

This clip I found is from the show The Office. This scene is of Dwight taking care of and stopping the new fad of planking in the office. Dwight is the discriminative stimulus because he is the one going around around stopping people from planking. He does this by many ways but all of them involve the people getting knocked out of their planking stance.

A=Dwight being told to take care of planking
B=Dwight stopping the planking by any means necessary.
C=people that were planking get hurt by dwight

This is an example of positive punishment because the people have an aversive situation (being hurt by dwight) put upon them. The consequence of their behavior is getting hurt. The consequence of the reinforcement is that the people won't plank again in the office.

Part Two

I am trying to eat healthier. So by recording each meal I eat in my phone it tells me what I've eaten and how many calories it was. By being able to see what I've eaten I make better decisions on portion size and what I'm eating. It has increased my behavior of eating healthier.