Please read sections 5.2
After reading section 5.2, please respond to the following questions.
What are three things you will remember from what you read in the chapter? Why? What was one thing that you really liked that was in the chapter? Why? What was one thing that you disliked that was in the chapter? Why? What were some ideas you had while reading this chapter?
If for some reason you want to change the behavior to some other behavior you can do so.
Let me know if you have any questions.
Considering a behavior you might want to change (you can use the one you listed for last Thursday's assignment) how might you go about measuring that behavior?
For Section 5.2
There are many concepts and ideas that I will remember from reading this section. The first is that rule governed behavior is behavior that is maintained through the obligation of maintaining order where the antecedent is verbal. It can result or come from any rule that a person has adhered to throughout their life. For instance, if a person adheres to certain religious rules, then they would either emit or not emit behaviors based on what the religion says is right. I know I will remember this information about rule governed behavior because it is something that almost everyone experiences on a daily basis. It makes sense and is easy to comprehend.
The next piece of information from this section that I know I will remember is that sources of rules can pretty much come from anyone (including yourself) or anywhere. Sources of rules can be government, society, culture, traditions, peers, and more. The rules as antecedents and the consequences that go along with adhering to the specific behavior or not can alter our behaviors. I will remember this because it is important to remember that sources of rules can come from pretty much anywhere. It is something that really stuck in my mind when I did the reading, so I know that I will not forget it!
The final thing that I will remember after reading this section is that different rules that we adhere to may help us get organized and ultimately increase our efficiency. Efficiency experts have many different rules that they tell people to live by, and many people adhere to this and actually follow these rules. People simply take the advice of the experts, create the rule, and then follow through with the help of verbal reminders. This information was pretty interesting to me, which is why I know that I will remember it. It seemed odd to me that people would just trust the rules that these so-called experts are bringing to the table even through they have never experienced any of the consequences of the rules themselves. I think that people really like to adhere to rules that they think seem important or realistic, and sometimes it may not necessarily be a rule that is important to adhere to.
One thing that I especially enjoyed from this section was when it discussed how rules sometimes emerge from the contingencies that we are under. The example it gave was about a woman who often times sees a cop parked in the same spot on her way home from work. She begins to turn it into a rule by telling herself that she needs to slow down when she goes by that certain part in the road where the cop sits so that she can avoid being ticketed. She is also able to then tell other people about the rule to help them avoid getting tickets. I thought this was neat to read about because I can apply this concept to my own life. There are many rules I make for myself depending on the contingencies that I am under.
One thing that I disliked from this section was when it discussed deadlines. I understand that deadlines can function as rules governing behavior and can be used as antecedents and discriminative stimuli, but this section of the reading left me a bit confused. I just didn’t like it very much because it was hard for me to use a deadline as an antecedent because if the rule were followed, then the antecedent would be almost the same exact thing as the behavior being emitted. I just wish that I had a little more clarification on the concept so that I fully understood it.
Some ideas that I had while reading this section included wondering about the rules that I adhere to, thinking about the sources that the rules that I adhere to come from, and picturing all of the rules that I have come up with throughout life based on the contingences I have been under. All in all, it was a pretty informational section, and I am looking forward to moving on and learning more in the weeks to come!
Last Monday we were asked to state a behavior we might change and how we would go about measuring that behavior. I have begun collecting baseline data on that behavior (reducing the amount of time spent on social networking sites like Facebook and Twitter). I have no desire to change the behavior to a different one. Considering the behavior that I am wanting to change, I will go about measuring it by recording the amount of time in minutes or hours that I spend on social networking sites per day. This will make it easy to put the data into a line graph.
Terms: rule governed behavior, behavior, antecedent, adhere, emit, source of rules, consequence, contingency, deadlines, discriminative stimuli, baseline, recording, data, line graph
For Section 5.2
There are many concepts and ideas that I will remember from reading this section. The first is that rule governed behavior is behavior that is maintained through the obligation of maintaining order where the antecedent is verbal. It can result or come from any rule that a person has adhered to throughout their life. For instance, if a person adheres to certain religious rules, then they would either emit or not emit behaviors based on what the religion says is right. I know I will remember this information about rule governed behavior because it is something that almost everyone experiences on a daily basis. It makes sense and is easy to comprehend.
The next piece of information from this section that I know I will remember is that sources of rules can pretty much come from anyone (including yourself) or anywhere. Sources of rules can be government, society, culture, traditions, peers, and more. The rules as antecedents and the consequences that go along with adhering to the specific behavior or not can alter our behaviors. I will remember this because it is important to remember that sources of rules can come from pretty much anywhere. It is something that really stuck in my mind when I did the reading, so I know that I will not forget it!
The final thing that I will remember after reading this section is that different rules that we adhere to may help us get organized and ultimately increase our efficiency. Efficiency experts have many different rules that they tell people to live by, and many people adhere to this and actually follow these rules. People simply take the advice of the experts, create the rule, and then follow through with the help of verbal reminders. This information was pretty interesting to me, which is why I know that I will remember it. It seemed odd to me that people would just trust the rules that these so-called experts are bringing to the table even through they have never experienced any of the consequences of the rules themselves. I think that people really like to adhere to rules that they think seem important or realistic, and sometimes it may not necessarily be a rule that is important to adhere to.
One thing that I especially enjoyed from this section was when it discussed how rules sometimes emerge from the contingencies that we are under. The example it gave was about a woman who often times sees a cop parked in the same spot on her way home from work. She begins to turn it into a rule by telling herself that she needs to slow down when she goes by that certain part in the road where the cop sits so that she can avoid being ticketed. She is also able to then tell other people about the rule to help them avoid getting tickets. I thought this was neat to read about because I can apply this concept to my own life. There are many rules I make for myself depending on the contingencies that I am under.
One thing that I disliked from this section was when it discussed deadlines. I understand that deadlines can function as rules governing behavior and can be used as antecedents and discriminative stimuli, but this section of the reading left me a bit confused. I just didn’t like it very much because it was hard for me to use a deadline as an antecedent because if the rule were followed, then the antecedent would be almost the same exact thing as the behavior being emitted. I just wish that I had a little more clarification on the concept so that I fully understood it.
Some ideas that I had while reading this section included wondering about the rules that I adhere to, thinking about the sources that the rules that I adhere to come from, and picturing all of the rules that I have come up with throughout life based on the contingences I have been under. All in all, it was a pretty informational section, and I am looking forward to moving on and learning more in the weeks to come!
Last Monday we were asked to state a behavior we might change and how we would go about measuring that behavior. I have begun collecting baseline data on that behavior (reducing the amount of time spent on social networking sites like Facebook and Twitter). I have no desire to change the behavior to a different one. Considering the behavior that I am wanting to change, I will go about measuring it by recording the amount of time in minutes or hours that I spend on social networking sites per day. This will make it easy to put the data into a line graph.
Terms: rule governed behavior, behavior, antecedent, adhere, emit, source of rules, consequence, contingency, deadlines, discriminative stimuli, baseline, recording, data, line graph
1. One thing that I will remember after reading this section is that a lot of the behaviors that we follow from day to day are Rule Governed behaviors. Rule Governed behaviors can be set by morals, norms, ethical standards, or other rules set by humanity. An example of a rule governed behavior would be emitting the behavior of stopping at a stop sign. This is also an example of a rule that I don’t always follow. In my small town most people roll through a stop sign because it is such a small town you usually don’t meet many other cars at an intersection.
2. The second thing that I will remember after reading this section is that there can be many sources of rules. For example there are federal, state, and local laws. Other examples could be culture, society, religion, and traditions. One rule that my family has as a holiday tradition is that on Christmas Eve me and my brother get to open a present that was pajamas or some other clothing item in it.
3. The third thing that I will remember is that contingencies can influence how we act to certain situations. The police car example was one that I could relate to because when I drive back from college to go home I know that there is a higher chance of a cop pulling me over around the town of Dike, but once I am a few miles outside of Dike I know that my chances of getting pulled over are very slim. This has lead me to going the speed limit before and a little after that town, but once I am out of the town I notice that I speed up. Now that I have said this I bet I will get pulled over the next time I drive home.
4. One thing that I liked in this section was when it discussed the differences between countries. I have always thought that it was interesting how different our rules or laws could be. In some countries people can drink at an age as young as 16, while in the United States the age is 21.
5. I didn’t really like the part on efficiency and listening to what experts say. I don’t think that I have ever done the things listed in the section. Like only checking your email twice a day. I think that if I shredded a document and then was in need of it later that I would regret shredding it, but in the section it says that we wouldn’t regret it because an “expert” said it was okay.
6. After reading this section it made me think about all the rules I choose to follow and which ones I choose not to. For example I elicit the behavior of drinking underage on occasion and that is something that has been governed to be illegal. Another example was how I roll through some stop signs. The deadlines part of this section got me thinking about how the end of this semester is getting closer and closer. This week is the start to me really buckling down and writing the papers I need to write and studying for the tests I need to study for. I also was just thinking about the different consequences that could come from different antecedents.
My behavior is counting calories and how I want to stay below 1800 in the hopes of just becoming aware of what I am eating. I have already started my baseline calories and I have them recorded, but now I am actually trying to stay under 1800 calories. I am going about counting this by writing down everything that I eat and if I know how many calories are in it then I record it, but if I don’t than at the end of the day I do a little research to figure out the approximate amount of calories were in it.
Terms: Rule governed behavior, behavior, efficiency, deadlines, emitting, elicit, source of rules, baseline, consequences, antecedents, contingencies, influence,
Response to section 5.2
Prior to reading section 5.2, I have thought about antecedents, as they were introduced in class. As antecedents may describe environments that may determine behaviors, so do rules, morals, norms and standards. The section speaks of these of verbal and nonverbal cues as Rule Governed Behavior. I may remember that some behaviors are emitted based on the motivation of society and family. I may also remember the third paragraph of the section, stating that behaviors may or may not be emitted depending on an individual. One’s own self, friends, peers, beliefs and experiences may help determine individual behavior. These aspects are also referred to in the section as sources of rules. I may also remember that these motivations may emerge from contingencies. Over time, persons may respond to situations that feel like second nature, or first nature, or nature. Motivation of thoughts and behaviors may be learned directly or over a period of time. The section also speaks of deadlines. One may ask themselves if tasks would be completed in a similar timeframe if deadlines did not exist. Expectations may be motivators. I liked the quote by Gage, age 7, at the beginning of the section. I feel that I enjoy reading a child’s perspective. I also liked that some the examples provided as sources of rules. I valued that family, holidays and ourselves were listed as examples, instead of such things as internet, video games and television. There was not much I did not like in this section, for I felt that terms were clearly defined and referred to within given examples. As I read, I thought about government. I thought about tea. I also thought of turkey and mashed potatoes and gravy.
Last week, I thought about my communication with others and steps I may take to improve communication. I decided I wanted to write more letters, and I have thought of this goal often throughout my weekend. I feel that this goal is obtainable and appropriate. I also feel that it is measurable, and in a near future I will begin to graph my progress.
Terms used: antecedents, environments, rule governed behavior, motivation, family, individual behavior, sources of rules, contingencies, learn, deadlines/expectations, communication
SMW 11.5.12
Section 5.2
Three things I will remember from this chapter are that 1) rule governed behavior comes from established norms, morals or ethical standards, that 2) there are sources of rules and that 3) much of our day to day lives are governed by rules. I will remember these things because they are essential in understanding behavior mod. One thing I liked about this chapter was that it gave clear examples of the sources of rules. One thing I disliked about this chapter was that the organization and deadline part were kind of unclear. This chapter got me thinking about the things I do during the day, like going to class, eating and working.
I will go about measuring my behavior of eating less calories by using an app on my phone each time I eat. I will record the calories and number of servings I consume daily.
Terms: rule governed behavior, established norms, measuring, behavior, record.
Section 5.2
Three things I'll remember from reading this chapter are:
a)If the consequence is desired, we are more likely to strengthen the rule and continue to follow it. I will remember this because it applies to the behavior activity we are working on now. The consequence of working out more is my body getting toned. Because I like the results that have come from working out, I am more likely to follow the schedule I set for my workouts.
b) We create rules based on our experiences. I'll remember this because in Janesville, you used to have to slow down to fifty five while going around it on the highway. I thought it was stupid, but there was always a cop on the curve everytime I drove by that area. Now, they reconstructed the road so you no longer have to slow down. Out of habit, I slow down, expecting to see a cop. I think this is cause I was reinforced for not getting tickets by going the correct speed limit.
c) We increase our effiency of following rules do to being more organized. I think this is true. If I have assignments and deadlines written down in my planner, I am more likely to remember to do them by the deadline.
One thing I liked about this chapter was the examples. They made the material easy to understand.
One thing I didn't like about this chapter was the material itself. It was not as exciting as other chapters, but still interesting to some degree.
An idea I had while reading this chapter was if I write down my workout schedule in my planner, to do check list, and set an alarm on my phone, it would probably enhance the probability of me emitting that target behavior every single day. Some days I feel like I don't have time for it, but as my friend would say, you have to make time, even if it means less sleep time!
I will go about measuring my target behavior by recording how much time I spent on cardio and how much time I spent on strength training and calculating out the total percentage. I'll record that on a graph so I can see the improvement occuring.
Terms used: consequence, emit, desired/target behavior, habit, reinforced, measuring, graph, record.
The first thing I am going to evoke into my memory from this chapter is that rule governed behavior can come from morals, beliefs, norms, or ethical standards. This is something that I didn’t know and now I can identify this behavior. The second thing I am going to evoke into my memory from this chapter is individuals might deviate from their beliefs if they know they might get punished. If someone knows they won’t receive any type of punishment from doing something that goes against their belief, frequency that they will commit that behavior goes up. The third thing I will evoke into my memory from this chapter is organization can increase efficacy. Efficacy is something that I value and can see it in my own life when I stay organized.
One thing that I found desirable about this chapter is that it gave good insight and was easy to understand. We all have rule governed behavior that we emit, some are on different guidelines then others but it’s something we share. One thing that I found undesirable about the chapter is there was no summary. I like to read the summary at the end so I can see if I missed anything in the reading.
While reading the chapter it elicited me to think about how punishment can be a good thing. It helps you stay focused in your beliefs, as well as keeping you out of trouble. From now on I am going to view it differently.
When trying to measure a behavior that I want to start with a baseline. A baseline tells me the frequency of the behavior right now. How often it is happening. I look at this and decide how I want to go about decreasing the behavior. I also look at the context. I want to know when and where is the time that I emit the behavior the most. If I can pinpoint that I can start to look at the antecedents and deal with them.
Terms: rule governed behavior, emit, elicit, baseline, desirable, undesirable, punishment, frequency, evoke, efficiency
Section 5.2
Three things I'll remember from this chapter:
1.) I'll remember the rule governed behavior. Its a behavior which is maintained in the obligation of maintaining order where the antecedent is verbal. These types of behaviors can result from establishing norms, morals, or ethnic standards. This statement made it easier to understand. Because these types of behaviors can be tied to society or an individual. These types of behaviors don't need punishers or reinforcers.
2.) The sources of rules concept will be easy to understand, because they can basically be emitted by anyone or occur anywhere. The source of rules allow you to think beyond your own rules or behaviors. Rules vary from place to place. Another thing that was clear to me was the statement that behaviors can be altered depending on the rules of the antecedent and the consequences.
3.) The final thing I find very helpful and easy to comprehend. The more we adapt ourselves with eliciting rules and behaviors, the more organized and efficient we can become. Once this occurs the rule set eventually becomes the antecedent of the behavior. I also understand now how deadlines are a factor to rule governed behavior. I was not aware that deadlines could be antecedents or discriminitive stimuli. Rules are important towards our behaviors the same for deadlines. They all work in the same kind of way.
I liked the rule governed behavior because it was very well explained and easy for me to understand. Also the concept is used all across the world, people probably don't know it. The fact that they can result in norms is a big deal because norms vary all around the world as well as morals and ethnic standards.
I didn't dislike anything from this chapter. I felt that everything was well explained and I feel this material will help me a lot while I try to modify and understand my own behavior and rules.
Some ideas I had while I was reading was wondering about what rules and behaviors I adhere to. Along with thinking of social norms I ad-bid by and make apart o my life. This made me question a lot of my social norms and morals I have for myself.
Terminology: Rule governed behavior, antecedent, punisher, reinforcer, emit, elicit, source of rules, consequence, behavior, deadlines, discriminitive stimuli
5.2
1. The first thing I will remember from this section is the rule of governed behavior. This is when a behavior is maintained because of rules established by society that serve as an antecedent. It can be any rule set by norms, moral standards, or ethical standards.I remember this because it is something we live by every day. Things such as moving your car off the street when it snows is a behavior that is governed by snow ordinance rules. The second thing I recall from the section is that rule governed behaviors can have many different sources. The sources of rules can come from government, society, holiday traditions, family traditions, and ourselves. For me an example of this is that every Christmas it is a tradition that my family has duck and ham for Christmas dinner. The third thing I will recall is that deadlines can function as rules governing. This is when something is time sensitive and effects the behavior.For example I am in the process of deciding where to live next year and with some of the places we are considering we have a to decide before all the places fill up.
2. One thing I enjoyed from the section was the talk about how some people will deviate from the rules set to govern behavior. This was funny because it is kind of something we all do sometimes when we think we can get away with it. Like we don't all come to a complete stop at every stop sign we see because we know that most of the time we can get away with rolling through it. Something though breaking rules is a bad thing if it is a more extreme offense. I just enjoyed it because it is something relevant to my everyday life.
3. One thing I did not like from the section was the section on efficiency. I was confused how it fit in with the section on rule governed behavior and was a little fuzzy on what was needed to be more efficient. Other than that there wasn't anything in the section that I didn't like.
4. While reading this section I was more aware of the behaviors in my life that are rule governed and the more that I think about it almost all of our behavior we engage in are rule governed. We do things because they have been normed by society. I became more aware of the rules I skimp on and the ones that I follow strictly because of fear of punishment.
5. To measure my behavior of watching TV I will first measure the baseline with a chart that allows me to fill in minutes spent watching TV. After a baseline period I will convert that information into a graph that charts my total amount of watched TV. Then I will fill in the chart as I alter my behavior and after the time is up I will convert the totals onto a graph and compare it to the baseline one. This gives me the chance to compare the two and show my weak spots and what needs to be looked into more if it needs to be changed. The time will be measured in minutes on both charts to keep it consistent and more specific.
Terms: rule of governed behavior, antecedent, deadline, baseline, efficiency
After reading section 5.2, please respond to the following questions.
This chapter was informative and gave insight on the abcs with the government structure. 1. It showed how they help elicit and emit desirable behaviors from people for structure. This maintains order for other peple such as driving with signs that tell you how fast to drive so you do not recieve a ticket. 2. The increased frequency is designed to for the target behavior of increasing the frequency of proactive behaviors. If you would like to use these behaviors then you must discriminate between them to avoid aversive behaviors. 3. I liked how the text pointed out the control that relgion and goverment play in many peoples behavior. This is a form of maintaing order and the antecedent of this is important. 4. One of the things I did not like about this chapter was Rule governed behaivor which can be a bit too intrusive at times. This is the separation between the two parties of the government where one may be to involved in our day to day actions. 5. One of the things that I did like was that it addresses the problem and solution to emiting aversive target behaviors. To change a problem it is best to spell out the consquence so the extinction process can begin. Once the organism has internalized these rules then they can start to adhere to the behavior. This made a lot of sense especially with how the government and religon play a role in our lives. This type of behavior modification has been used to punish and reinforce behaviors that these groups prefer.
I am going to stay with the behavior of decreasing the frequency of chess being played online. There has been some extinction burst and I would like to keep on with the behavior intervention for this behavior. My baseline behavior was eye opening and would like to decrease this behavior more. I am going to measure this using a the time in hours I spend playing chess per day. I will record then graph the results for the measurement data.
Terms: behavior, antecedent, consequence, target behavior, baseline behavior, behavior intervention, rule of governed behavior, emit, elicit, extinction, extinction burst, decrease, desirable, frequency, punishment, reinforcement, measurable, organism, discriminate
5.2
1. The first concept I will remember is the rule of governed behavior. This is when society sets standards or norms. It is an obligation the individual abides by not because the behavior is reinforced or punished but simply because the antecedent is verbal and by following this norm order is maintained. The example the book gave of this was incest. Family members do not have sexual relationships because it is simply not done in our society.
2. The next thing I will remember is the sources of where the rules of governed behavior come from. The norm of society or one’s own personal belief system can come from a number of different places. These include the government, family, peers, cultures, or simple traditions. All of these things in our daily lives can help form our individual view of what is acceptable behavior.
3. The last thing I will remember is the section about getting organized to increase our efficiency. This I felt was the most useful. It is how we can set our own norms to most benefit ourselves. By making rules for ourselves we establish certain target behaviors that we want to emit. By adapting the rules we can create or diminish that target behavior.
I liked the entire idea of a governing rule. It helps explain the behaviors we develop that are never really taught to us through punishment or reinforcement.
I disliked the idea of deadlines as a governing rule; I had trouble understanding this concept. I get that they can be a type of standard that the person setting the deadline expects, but if the governing rule isn’t supposed to be punished or reinforced I don’t see how this can apply. If a deadline is not meant there is usually some type of consequence in the form of a punishment.
The main thing this section made me think of was different in social norms throughout different cultures. For example how in some places women can be stoned to death by simply speaking out of turn or dressing the wrong way, but here in the United States we are supposed to have equal rights.
Last week I stated that I wanted to change the behavioral class of procrastinating less. I made the specific goal of studying an hour a day for each test starting a week before that test. I decided to measure this by percentages. The percentage works out by taking the total number of minutes I studied divided by the number of minutes I was supposed to study. For example say I had two tests. I would then have to study for 120 minutes, but let’s say I only studied for 90 minutes (one hour for the first test, and 30 minutes for the second test). I would then divide 90 by 120 and multiply it by 100 to get the percent. My graphing result for that day would then be 75%. I have already started collecting this data for my baseline and plan to graph it by days before the test on the x-axis (independent variable) and percentage studied on the y-axis (dependent variable).
Terms: rule of governed behavior, behavior, reinforced, punished, antecedent, sources of rules, organization, efficiency, target behavior, emit, reinforcement, punishment, deadlines, behavioral class, goal, baseline, graph, x-axis, independent variable, y-axis, dependent variable
5.2
I will emit the behavior of remembering that rule governed behavior's come from established norms, moral, or ethical standards. I will also remember that rules act as antecedent. This is important because rules tell us what we are suppose to do or not suppose to do. If I emit the behavior of disobeying these rules sometimes there can be sever consequences.
I will also emit the behavior of remembering that deadlines are an example of rule governed behavior. They are also discrimintive stimuli. This is easy to remember because if I don't pay my phone bill on time I will be given a late fee. Therefore I will remember to pay it one time because I do not want that fee.
One thing I liked about this chapter was the amount of boxes we had to fill out. I feel like the boxes help me to understand the chapter a little bit more. By using real life examples I can comprehend better. There wasn't anything I didn't like about this chapter. It wasn't repetitive, it was all new information to learn!
While reading this chapter I thought about all of the goverened rules that I emit the behavior of disobeying, speeding, not coming to a complete stop at a stop sign unless I have to. The consequences that can come from those antecedents are definitely worth thinking about.
Terms: Rule governed behavior, emit, elicit, antecedent, consequences, deadlines, discrimintive stimuli
Three things that I will remember in this chapter:
Rule governed Behavior. This is when a society or governement sets rules. These rules are set for ethical reasons, morals, or because of social norms. The book had an awesome example with having relations with a relative. In the times when kings and queens were the only type of government, they used to breed with each other in order to keep the blood in the family "royal". Come to find out, that breeding so many times with your family creates issues with a person. There are higher risks in mental and physical disorders. They found that in the case of the royal families, they were having issues with bleeding out because their blood was not able to clot, killing the royal families off. With the evolving worlds, they have found that these behaviors with family members have been problematic and created laws that make it illegal to have sexual relations with those who are closely related. In Indiana, you can be as close as 3rd cousins, and if they are over 65 years of age, they can marry a person even close in relation.
Source of the Behavior. The source of our governed rule behavior can come from many different sources. My mom used to tell me, "If I ever catch you smoking, I will beat you into next week." I never actually started smoking (ON A REGULAR BASIS, its that situation that when you drink, you smoke or vis versa) because I know that she will get on my case about it and probably beat me into next week. :) Another place that we learn our behaviors from would be the cops. When you emit a behavior of driving fast, get pulled over for speeding, receiving a ticket, that will elicit a behavior of not driving fast, because the ticket is expensive.
Getting organized. I will emit the behavior of getting organized. I am not the organized type of person. I actually have a hard time keeping track of the days (THAT IS SUPER SAD), important events that I am supposed to attend, and so on and so forth. I need to become organized by writting down everything with my goal. I will emit a behavior of becoming more organized. This has a huge impact on my deadlines and gives me bad consequences.
One thing that I liked in this chapter is how their was a lot of places for me put fill out my own thoughts. I feel that This helps me understand the chapter better.
The chapter didnt seem to have a lot of exciting material, but it did have some material that elicited behavior of remembering the kings and queens facts.
Behaviors I might want to change would be not to speed, no smoking smoking when drinking, etc.
terms: behavior, governed rule behavior, emit, elicit, consequence, deadlines.
Sec 5.2
1. Rule governed behavior is a rule that is known by all members of the society. These rules can be determined by your location, or your religion. For example in some cultures it is rude to turn down a drink. That is a rule governed behavior, everyone in that culture will know to emit a drinking response when offered a drink. These rules can exist in many different capacities. These behavior rules can originate from religion, government, or family heritage. These behaviors are usually known at young ages, and understood as punishable behaviors. I find this to be important because it is something new, and commonly seen in our society. These rules are often unrecognized, but alway followed. They provide a kind of code that makes all of the citizens of that particular unit alike.
2. Efficiency is what makes a rule into a governed behavior. If something is repeatedly noticed as possibly causing you anguish, the avoidance of the anguish response produces a governed behavior. If you get coffee, and continuously burn your mouth on the scolding hot drink, you might enforce a governed behavior of emitting a waiting response. Through this waiting response (governed behavior) you would be reinforced by not burning your mouth, over time the reinforcement will no longer be necessary, as the governed behavior will become automatic. I find this to be important because it shows how individuals can make their own rule governed behavior. These behaviors can be passed down through generations.
3. Rule governed behavior can be brought on by multiple groups. Jus as you are not a member of one group within society there are multiple rule governed behaviors that elicit a response from you. The are separate rule governed behaviors for each group of society, church, school, state, national government, city government, family government, etc. Each behavior is known by you, and you known (subconsciously) how to avoid emitting the undesired response. I believe this to be important because it shows us how many different types of governed rules we have in our society, and how often we don't require thought to know how to avoid them.
There was no particular thing in this section that I liked, because I found the whole thing to be rather interesting. This is so far my favorite chapter.
The only thing in this section that I disliked was the lack of a review section, but that isn't' that big of a problem because this section is so short.
While reading this section I realized how often rule governed behavior governed our choices within society. I also noticed that different people may emit different rule governed behaviors.
My target behavior is going to work-out. I will collect baseline data by evaluating time in which I can emit the workout behavior. I will need to be very through, and specific if I want to elicit my behavior. I will also start narrowing down the areas of the body I want to focus on, as well as researching exercise methods to maximize time spent in the gym. I will also start preparing a schedule for my exercise behavior, as well as prepare a reinforcement schedule.
Terms: Behavior, Emit, Elicit, Target Behavior, Rule Governed Behavior, Reinforcement, reinforcement schedule, Response, Efficiency,
I remember the concepts of rule governed behavior, handing down the rules, and the issue with deadline. This section shows us how rules affect behavior. By following rules we skip the possibility of certain reinforcement and punishment. This could be a good or bad thing depending on the specific situation. Rules can also be passed from one person to another. This is a benefit of using language. By following instructions from other people, we can obtain reinforcers faster and avoid punishers without repeating mistakes. The deadline tells us when a reinforcer or punisher will be available, so it is similar to the fixed interval schedule but only happens once or twice.
I like the last sentence: "Summary to be provided later." There are even two blank pages in the file. I think a summary is not necessary when the text is short and enough exercises are provided in the content.
I do not like the examples of day to day behaviors on the third page. I think these examples mostly ignored the antecedent of past experience. Most people do these things because they have learned what happened when they did not emit certain behavior. Therefore these tasks are more like self-directed behavior than the results of following rules. I think identifying rule governed behavior is more difficult when the rules are not specific and differ from one person to another.
I think this class will be more interesting if we can tap into the cognitive aspect of learning. Some elements, such as observation, memory, and decision-making elicit behavior. Yet they are not discussed in this class. Maybe we can understand and modify behavior better if we know more about these antecedents of behavior.
This is the third time I have been asked the same question, but I will repeat the answer again. The behavior of eating fried chicken can be measured as frequency of buying fried chicken or the number of pieces eaten in a period of time. So the record could be the number of purchases or pieces eaten each week.
Terms: rule governed behavior, reinforcement, punishment, reinforcer, punisher, fixed interval schedule, antecedent, emit, self-directed behavior, elicit
Week 12 Tuesday
After reading section 5.2, please respond to the following questions
.
What are three things you will remember from what you read in the chapter? Why?
I will remember that rule governed behaviors are maintained by sense of obligation. These behaviors and their compliance depend on an individual. I learned that rules can also come from ourselves and our values. These three things are elaborated up in the first pages of our assigned reading chapter and caught my interest.
What was one thing that you really liked that was in the chapter? Why?
I liked reading on the aspects of rules such as deadlines. Deadlines can be very frustrating but also are helpful to set expectations and facilitate collaboration and group integrities.
What was one thing that you disliked that was in the chapter? Why?
I enjoyed this chapter. I guess I am working on understanding natural laws such as hotness or consequences of elements as rules that govern behavior. Is there a difference between a rule and a law??
What were some ideas you had while reading this chapter?
I would like some to cook some supper and mind my manners. Thanks!! –ebs- 11/6/12 @ 1545hrs. CentricTime
Terms%consequences, behaviors, rules, rule governed behavior, laws, obligation, individual
Baseline # Target Word uttered per work shift
Week One 10/27/12
Saturday – 3
Tuesday - 5
Wednesday - 0
Thursday – 0
Friday – 1
5.2
One thing that I will remember from this section is Rule governed behaviors, which are behaviors tat are maintained via the obligation of maintaining order where the antecedent is verbal. Another thing I will remember is the source of the rules. For example: the government, society, cultures, holiday traditions, family traditions, peers, and ourselves. I will also remember some examples of governed behaviors like traffic signs, deadlines for assignment, also signs that say what the consequence will be. I will remember these things because they stuck out to me.
One things that I will remember from this section is how it gave many examples of things so it made it easier to understand.
One thing that I disliked about this section was that there was no summary at then end. The summary always helps me go over everything I leaned and remember it better.
After reading this section it made me start thinking about how many of my behaviors are rule governed and you don't even know it.
I will measure my behavior from last weeks post by jotting down in a notebook when I start doing my homework and also by noting down how much homework is done by midnight to see how much I procrastinated doing my assignments.
Terms: rule governed behavior, consequence, behaviors
Section 5.2
1. The first thing I will emit to remember is behaviors that we follow every day are Rule governed behaviors. Rule governed behaviors can result from established morals, norms, or ethical standards. A common type of rule governed behaviors from the book is avoidance of sexual relations between members of the same family. The behaviors do not need punishers or reinforcers.
2. The second thing I will emit to remember is there can be many sources of rules. Sources of rules can be government, society, cultures, and types of traditions. One traditional rule my family has during Christmas Eve is opening up only one present! This indicates rules can vary from country and country. Different countries can emit different laws dealing with smoking, drinking, voting rights, and etc. Depending on the rules of antecedents and consequences to follow the rules can have a big effect on our behaviors.
3. The third thing I will emit to remember is deadline can function as rules governing behavior. Deadlines are known as antecedents and discriminative stimuli. They notify us of consequences that may occur when behaviors are required at a certain time. This elicits the behavior to either be punished or reinforced. For example, my roommates have to pay our utilities every month on time. If we don’t turn in our money on time, we are punished with an additional fee.
One thing I found pleasant about this section was talking about all the sources of rules. I found it really interesting how rules can vary from country to country. This all allowed me to think of all the traditions I had with my family. Another thing I found pleasant about this section was the part talking about how rules emerge from the contingencies we are under. I can relate to the example provided for this topic. Every day while going to work, my sister and I would remind each other to stop at a stop sign. This is because there was always a cop in the same stop every time we went through. There wasn’t anything I disliked about this section, except I struggled trying to come up with my own examples of rule governed behavior using the ABC’s
While reading this section an idea that came to mind was all the traditional rules I have with my family. This made me questions either other families have the same traditional rules? Another idea that came to mind was how many behaviors do I not follow that are considered rule governed behaviors?
My behavioral goal was to exercise more, which results in staying healthier. My target behavior is working out every day for 45mins (cardio). This is a perfect behavior because it is appropriate and manageable. To measure my behavior I will use a baseline to record the amount of minutes I work out every day. I will write this down in a notebook also known as a behavioral diary. This will allow me to view my progress from day to day.
Terms: emit, rule governed behaviors, behaviors, punisher, reinforcer, antecedents, consequences, deadlines, discriminative stimuli, elicits, pleasant, contingencies, behavioral goal, target behavior, behavioral diary,
Section 5.2:
I have elicited to remember three things from this section. First, the rule of governed behavior and how they result from norms, morals, or ethical standards of the community. Also, this can come from rules that we or other organism have developed throughout time. I think that this is interesting because people follow rules because they may feel obligated to keep order in society. Second, I will remember that all rules come from a source, whether it be from your parents or the government. Rules also vary and fit the family, community, religion, country, etc. accordingly. We study and try to understand rule governed behavior to know the antecedents and the consequences to follow or not follow the rules, which varies how we behave. Third, I will remember that deadlines function as rules governing behavior and they are antecedents and discriminative stimuli. Deadlines inform us of the consequence of our behavior if we meet or do not meet the deadline.
I really liked the thought of rules and how they are important to our behavior because they act as antecedents. Which gave me the idea of making more rules to help changes various behaviors. By following these rules, if I have the desired consequence, I will be able to organize and increase my efficiency of my everyday life. I enjoyed this chapter and it gave me the idea to add more rules to govern my behavior I could not find anything that I didn't like about this chapter.
I have chosen to change the behavior to another behavior. I would like to eat a little bit healthier, I already eat healthy as it is but I need to kick it up a notch. I want to increase the amount of fruits and veggies that I eat and by doing so I will decrease the amount of processed foods I intake. First, I will collect a baseline by measuring the amount of serving I take in daily. I already have an app on my phone that I used religiously and this will be how I record and then I will add it to a graph at night. Secondly, I will increase the amount by 2 servings then the average I intake now.
Section 5.2
After reading section 5.2, please respond to the following questions.
The three things that I will elicit to remember from reading this chapter are as followed. I will remember that as the chapter puts it “rule governed behavior can result from established norms, morals, or ethical standards or from rules to which an organism has adhered throughout its history,” (Section 5.2). Every culture has its own rule govern behavior. Some culture warns kids from cursing and talking back to their parents. At home, there might be a rule that children under the age of 10 should sleep before 8pm or so. This rule governed behavior reminds me of what I see and do every day, such as stopping at a stop sign and red traffic light. I do so not because I want to, but because I have to.
I will also remember the fact that sometimes we do not obey these rule governed behaviors if the punisher is not present. If a child parent always tells them to sleep and the parent is not home, the child will not go to bed, because there will be no punishment. I remember driving through a red light accidentally on University avenue, which I should not do again, but I was not worry that much because cops where not around. But if I were in Chicago, I would worry because the cameras automatically take your photo. So, if we are punished for our behavior, we reduce the frequency of it reoccurring than if not punished.
The third thing that I will remember is increasing efficiency. The reason is that, I remember taking my girlfriend to Hawkeye for orientation and the presenter told them to check their emails maybe two to three times a day. His reason was for them to reply as quickly as possible to any urgent message from financial aid and other departments. So this becomes a rule and a behavior for students. This reinforces their behavior as well if they want a better financial need. One thing that was interesting was the organized and efficiency scenario, about not reading paper twice or more. I have had that experience. I had previously written a paper and I read it over and over again, as I do so, I tend to switch topics till I ended up not knowing what I was talking about. From reading this section, I do not dislike anything, the readings are fascinating.
As I read these rules governed behavior, it elicits my behavior with ideas into me establishing operations for my own behavior. Making rules for not doing certain things and also remembering the rules of my family. All of these ideas kind of helped me comprehend my family reasons for their rule governed behavior that is established at home.
The behavior that I chosen to change is reducing talking on the phone too much, like 3 to 4 hours. I want to reduce it by 45minutes a day. To reduce this, I will have to increase the amount of time I spend doing homework and decrease the amount of time I spend talking on the phone. The way I will measure this (my baseline) will be to look at the amount of minutes or hours I talk a day. I think by looking at the minutes a day will help me determine what I need to do next, whether or not; I am working towards accomplishing my goals.
Terms used:
Rule governed behavior
Frequency
Punishment
Efficiency
Reinforces
Fascinating
Elicit
Establishing Operation
Baseline
3 things I will remember:
1. I will always link how in the U.S. people avoid having sex with their family and how it is a rule governed behavior, because there isn’t necessarily a punishment or reinforcement to these people who emit unwanted behaviors.
2. Source of rules is more easily remembered because there are rules everywhere you go that come from people. The examples of government, family, society, and cultures; all have rules for everything.
3. One thing that isn’t necessarily something to do with behavior modification but was in the reading of chapter 5.2 was that there are efficiency experts out there. They say that you should do something once and then drop it, so people emit a behavior and hope that it ends up with the consequence they were looking for.
4. What I didn’t like about this chapter was that there was no summary, sometimes the summaries help me out in more lay-man terms and give these vocab words in a more easy to understand definition.
5. What I liked about this chapter was there was the ABC flow charts again so we don’t forget what they are.
6. What I thought about after this chapter was are these efficiency experts specialized or just general? Can they make everything more efficient, with like guide lines or are they more specific to certain areas? How does one go about becoming an efficiency expert?
I would measure my behavior of working out by putting it in my app called my fitness pal. First I would write down everything that I wanted to do and then I would compare it to what I did end up getting down.
Terms: Rule governed behavior, punishment, reinforcement, emit, behaviors
5.2
There are three things I will remember from this chapter, all revolving around rule governed behavior.
The first is that rule governed behavior is behavior that is maintained through the obligation of maintaining order where the antecedent is verbal. These behaviors result from established norms, morals, or ethical standards; like it is not socially acceptable to be nude in public. In this case, many would choose to not emit the aversive behavior of being in public. However, there are others that choose to ignore the targeted behavior and be nude in public.
Second, the example in the book about driving through a stop sign at 4am because one knows the likelihood of receiving the punishment is very small. This goes alongside many may emit a behavior because they know they will not get punished, like the example. I am guilty of emitting this behavior because in my hometown I know of a few stop signs I can roll through when it gets past 9pm.
Third, the source of rules vary. This is true, whether it's as small as rules varying from parent to parent or as big as country to country. When my parents got divorced I quickly found that I could get away with more things at my mom's house than at my dad's house. The same is true when traveling abroad. When in Europe I was unaware of some unacceptable social norms that are acceptable in the United States.
One thing I liked about this section was the example with the red lights. I liked it because I have emitted this behavior before so it was easy to connect and understand.
Because the section was short, there wasn't anything I didn't like. It was a great length that gave enough information to understand the topic.
While reading I was thinking about the idea of how the rules vary. Because rules vary so much, even from town to town, it is very hard to keep all the rules straight. However, due to rule governed behaviors, there are a lot of rules that do not vary.
Terms Used: rule governed behavior, emit, aversive, targeted behavior, punishment, emitting
Section 5.2
Three things I will remember from this section:
1. I will always connect together how in the United States people avoid having sex with their family and it is a rule governed behavior, because there isn’t necessarily a punishment or reinforcement to these people who emit unwanted behaviors.
2. The rule of governed behavior and how they result from norms, morals, or ethical standards of the community.
3. The sources of rules concept will be easy to understand, because they can basically be emitted by anyone or occur anywhere. The source of rules allow you to think beyond your own rules or behaviors. Rules vary from place to place. Another thing that was clear to me was the statement that behaviors can be altered depending on the rules of the antecedent and the consequences.
There was no specific part I liked in this section, I enjoyed reading and learning about it all. It was easy to comprehend and not too long like some previous sections which can be confusing. Some ideas that I had while reading this section included wondering about the rules that I adhere to, thinking about the sources that the rules that I adhere to come from, and picturing all of the rules that I have come up with throughout life based on the contingences I have been under.
I have no desire to change the behavior I chose last week in class. It is a good goal in my opinion and I am already collecting baseline data for it. I will continue to do so.
Terms used: Rule governed behavior, punishment, reinforcement, behavior, consequence, antecedent, emitted, baseline.
Section 5.2
This section elicited the memory of three concepts:
1.) A rule governed behavior is maintained through obligation of keeping order where the antecedent is verbal and can result from set norms, morals or ethical standards or rules which have been placed throughout an individual's history. Some rule governed behaviors are emitted due to a sense of obligation to those rules in order to be a member of society. For example, some behaviors are not acceptable in certain cultures because they are not up to their ethical standards such as sexual relations with a partner before marriage or not being allowed to eat meat and dairy together.
2.) Rules as antecedents and the consequences to follow them or not can impact our behaviors greatly. Sources of rules can be government, society, cultures, holidays, family traditions, peers, attorneys, and ourselves. Rules vary place to place and may or may not be followed. For example, some countries allow drinking at a younger age while others do not even allow drinking. Some countries have people drive on the right side of the road while others drive on the left.
3.) Deadlines can also function as rule governing behavior, as antecedents and discriminative stimuli. The behavior is time sensitive and lets an individual know what the consequence might be when the behavior occurs or does not. The consequence isn't always spelled out or straight forward like road signs. All together, rules are important to behavior because they act as antecedents. For example, homework has deadlines and if it is not turned in on time, an individual might not receive full credit.
I liked the part about individuals emitting behaviors that steer away from the established rules because they do not think or know they will be punished. I am very much like this because I am impatient and always seem to be in a hurry. Driving over the speed limit is something I regularly do. I especially drive fast in the early morning going to work at 4:30 am. I just assume I won't get punished because no one is out driving that early.
There wasn't anything within this section I did not like, but I do wish there would have been a summary because I like looking over the short recaps of the section.
This section made me think about all the different behaviors that could be rule governed. I never realized how many behaviors I emit that are rule governed. Emitting these behaviors are so subconscious that I do not know that I'm actually emitting them.
I want to exercise more by doing an ab workout for twenty minutes, five days out of the week. I will begin measuring my progress by first starting a baseline of how long and when I perform the ab workouts. I will put this information down in a notebook or journal that is easily accessible and do it right after I emit the behavior. Looking at my baseline will help me determine if my behavior is changing or if I need to change my reinforcement and/or antecedent.
Terms: Behavior, Emit, Elicit, Rule Governed Behavior, Antecedent, Consequence, Reinforcement, Deadlines, Sources, Discriminative Stimuli, Baseline, and Punish
Section 5.2
Three Things I Will Remember From This Chapter:
1) Rule governed behavior is behavior that is established by culture and society that is based on norms, morals, or ethical standards. The example the book gives is that in American society there is a strong avoidance of sexual relation between people that are related.
2) Many times rules are elicited by observations and from those observations are passed down to friends and family.
3) When we receive a new rule or advice from self help books we often will give the rule a try and based upon reinforcement or punishment we will continue to emit this behavior.
I like how this chapter discussed some laws and rules that other countries have in contrast to the United States. I never really thought about how much society dictates our behavior. I find it very interesting that if I would have grown up in another country or even another state I would be a much different person than I am today. One thing that I disliked about this chapter is that the material wasn't very interesting compared to some of the past chapters.
I have collected a baseline of my targeted behavior and am currently recording all the information on improving that behavior. The behavior I am trying to change is increasing the amount of time spent working out being that at home or at the gym and I am adamant on keeping it. I will record it by keeping that amount of time spent working out.
Terms: Rule Governed Behavior, Behavior, Elicited, Reinforcement, Punishment, Emit, Target Behavior
Section 5.2
Three things stood out to me. Types of rules, how rules are created, rule = antecedent.
In this chapter, I learned that there are two types of rules that we are taught. We are told, "Don't do this!" We could also be told, "Don't do this because you will trip and get the point of the scissors in between your ribs!" Sometimes we are told upfront what the consequence will be. The other option is to just tell the person what to do. Whether or not the person actually emits the behavior you desire will largely depend on how much they respect you as a leader.
Based on this chapter, rules are made by actively noticing patterns in consequences. You like the positive reinforcement. You emit the behavior again. You get the same consequence. You decide to burn the trash everyday because a tasty smore is an incredible consequence.
I realized that antecedent = rule. You're rule acts as the antecedent in shaping your behavior. "Every time I watch TV, I will stretch." Now every time I get out a movie, I get the yoga mat out.
I liked how this chapter added some behavior modification ideas and applied them to real life. I've seen these principles many times in real life, but didn't see how much they could effect our behaviors. Crossfit's "World's Fittest Man", Mikko Salo has a rule. "I will never lay on my back after a workout, it's a sign of weakness." It's worked pretty well for him. Many Crossfitter's lay on their back after an extremely difficult workout. Not Mikko Salo.
The only thing about this chapter that I didn't like was that it wasn't finished. The summary wasn't at the end of the chapter.
While reading this chapter was how easily and quickly rules can change. I will stretch during movie because I feel better afterwards. Today I feel really tired... I'll stretch tomorrow... The next time I watch a movie I want to eat a root beer float. All of the sudden my rule is demolished. After reading the chapter I realized that goals are very similar to rules and rules are similar to goals. When the goals have reinforcers that keep us motivated then the goal will become a reality. Maybe eventually the goal will become a rule that we will live by?
I will continue with the goal of running a marathon. I will measure progress by looking at total mileage per week, daily mileage, and how many days a week I run. My baseline is very simple. Zero running.
Terms: antecedent, behavior, consequence, emit, positive reinforcement, reinforcer.
One thing I remember from this chapter is rule governed behavior. This is the idea of maintaining order where the antecedent is verbal. It can happen from establishing norms, morals, or ethical standards an organism is supposed to adhere to. The book used as an example that in the United States we don’t have sexual relations with members of the same family. This is a norm we establish in our country and we know from a young age to follow it. This is interesting because we do and follow these rules all the time without even realizing it.
Another thing I remember is that there are many different types of sources of rules. They can come from the government (this includes federal, state, and local), society, cultures, holiday traditions, family traditions, attorneys, peers and ourselves. These change from country to country. Government wise things change because different countries have different rules and laws. This goes along with the idea that the rules are the antecedent and the consequences are to how we behave regarding these behaviors.
I also remember the section of the chapter that talked about how getting organized will increase the efficiency. We have to create rules for ourselves and pursue them by verbally reminding ourselves to do the behavior. We have to pay attention to deadlines. I feel like this something that is important generally in life.
I really liked that the chapter mentioned that individuals do behaviors that go against established rules because they think or know they won’t get punished. This is very true and the best example for this is driving. When we speed or don’t stop at a stop sign we do it because we think we can get away with it even though we know it is wrong.
I disliked trying to fill in and come up with examples for this chapter. I found it difficult to determine some examples of antecedents and consequences for governed behaviors.
I realized that we do so many things every day and in our lives that are behavior modification and don’t even realize it. So many of the examples I read in the chapter are things I can recall doing, but now I look at them with a different perspective.
Last week I started to try to reduce my behavior of procrastinating my to-do lists until late at night. It will be beneficial to me to finish things earlier so I have more free time and can go to bed earlier. It has been a little more difficult than I thought it would be. There are other factors I didn’t take into consideration. One would be that I have been experiencing a really bad cold for the last week, so made things get pushed back a little farther on my to-do lists. The idea of measuring this with percentages is still affective though.
Terms: rule governed behavior, antecedent, consequences, efficiency
Section 5.2
The three things that I will remember from this chapter are: 1) rule governed behaviors are followed because they are elicited by declared rules that a person can remind themselves of verbally. This is easy to remember because these are easy antecedent examples. 2) By being organized with rule governed behaviors, we can actually not only set up an antecedent, but create a habitual behvioral response to the rules. This is important to remember because by understanding which situations are appropriate for which certain rule governed behaviors. 3) Deadlines are an important component of rule governed behaviors because they are reliant on time and can affect the reinforcing or punishing consequences of our emitted behaviors. Deadlines also can be antecedents or discriminative stimuli, which shows that they can be very versatile. One thing that I liked about this chapter was how it was very precise, easy to understand, and short. One thing that I didn't like was that it was beasically common sense just written in behavioral language. It made me think of traditions and how in each family, there are understood rule governed behaviors that are considered expected and habitual.
I have collected my performance baseline behavior and I have recorded the amount of time I spend browsing the internet for leisure each day in a journal. My baseline is zero minutes and the maximum amount of time I have allowed myself is 60 minutes.
Terms used: rule governed behaviors, elicited, antedecent, reinforcing, punishing, consequences, emitted, discriminative stimuli, performance baseline
5.2
The first of the three things I'll remember is rule governed behaviors are essentially your common sense rules. They're the behaviors that no one should tell you why you have to follow them. Like throwing things at your pastor in church or wearing shorts in December in Iowa. The second thing is that sometimes we deviate from the rules because we think we won't get caught. I think this is essentially the teenage clause really. I believe most of us have had that point where we've done something mostly because we knew we wouldn't get caught. Usually we either did and didn't do it again or kept doing it, or we got caught and never did so again after the aversive consequence. Finally that your behaviors should be timely and efficient. Lets call back to the example from the chapter. If we have a pizza and leave it in the oven for too long it'll burn. I don't know about you, but I don't like burned pizza. So next time if we set a timer for an appropriate amount of time we'll have a nicely done pizza and we won't be emitting such a negative response! I really liked how each behavior was given a clear relateable example, it helped invision what I was learning! I realy kinda wished some of the areas like the straying from the rules would have been expanded upon. Otherwise it was a wonderful chapter! I think I'll use my own example of using a timer because I've been tending to burn some food as of late due to distractions at home.
Terms: Aversive, Consequence, Behavior, Rule Governed Behavior, Emit, Efficency
This chapter talked about Rule Governed Behavior. Rule Governed Behavior is behavior that is maintained via the obligation of maintaining order where the antecedent is verbal. These are behaviors that are controlled by moral codes and ethical standards that are upheld by a culture. You emit these behaviors because you know that if you don't, you will be punished or that by doing so you will be rewarded. I will remember that deadlines affect behavior by governing a time limit that acts as a discriminate stimuli in giving you a time limit as to when you should emit that behavior. This is in hopes that it will elicit you to do it before the allotted time expires. Sometimes we are very trusting in experts as to how to efficiently govern ourselves in the behaviors we chose to emit. This chapter was pretty short and to the point. There wasn't much I overly disliked or liked about it. I do find my mind wandering when thinking about obeying laws and rules. My ideas usually come in the form of certain rules and laws that I do not like and do not wish to abide by. My Baseline is fairly easy as for some reason I subconsciously smoke exactly 20 cigarettes/24 hours.
Rule Governed Behavior, Antecedent, Emit, Deadlines, Elicit, Baseline
One thing I will remember is the definition and examples of rule governed behavior. The easiest way I see to relate rule governed behavior is with norms, whether they are societal in general or more specific such as those based in religion. Another thing I will remember is how organization can act as an antecedent for behavior. Adopting a rule to help with organization or to increase efficiency causes you to emit the behavior as it acts as an antecedent and I believe it would be a good antecedent in most cases. A third thing I will remember is that rules are more effective when they state what the consequence will be if they aren’t followed. One thing I liked about this chapter was the comparisons between the various terms and real life examples. They were very helpful in understanding how these things related to everyday life and how they might be applied. One thing I didn’t like was that the chapter just ended randomly and had nearly 3 blank pages saying that the summary would be added at a later time. The thoughts I had while reading this chapter were mainly how the new terms could relate to life, which the examples illustrated quite nicely for me. I also considered trying to integrate rule governed behavior into my attempt to change a behavior for this class.
Terms: rule governed behavior, antecedent, emit
5.2
One thing I will remember is rule governed behavior. The book says that this behavior can result from established norms, morals, or ethical standards or from rules to which an organism has adhered throughout its history. Some religious rules that I thought of are like in some cultures people can’t work on Sundays. Sometimes I watch Breaking Amish on the television, and they have a lot of rules that Amish people cannot do. They have a strict dress code, and women are supposed do to like all the housework and cleaning. It is interesting because these rule governed behaviors that the Amish might follow, but for people that are not Amish, these behaviors wouldn’t be rule governed.
Another thing I will remember that sometimes individuals emit behaviors which deviate from established rules because they think or know that will not get punished. Some rules that I thought of that people might not follow as much, is the speed limit. I know from personal experience and from other people that when one thinks there isn’t a police car around, people will speed. Or for many college students, if they think there isn’t any police officers they will drink underage.
I will also remember using rule governed behavior from the ABCs. An example I had was that after one goes to the bathroom, they wash their hands. So the antecedent is washing hands after going to the bathroom, the behavior is washing hands, and the consequence would be clean hands. I think that this is a rule that everyone knows they should elicit, but if people are not around they might not follow it, which would make this fit in the previous category too.
I liked the reality of this chapter, like everything that we read is applicable, but this one really made things applicable to me and I could really picture how these things work. I didn’t have anything I particularly disliked. This chapter really got me thinking and I thought of many other things like what I discussed. Rule governed behavior is all around us and it is interesting to think how there are so many things that people chose to follow when they don’t think there will be consequences or why they do follow certain behaviors. I know for me this summer I noticed how a police car would sit on top of a hill so I would make sure to slow down every time I get there, regardless if there was a cop sitting on top of the hill.
The target behavior I listed previously was to stop procrastinating before tests and to make sure I study well in advance. Like I have said I have been measuring it by studying at least an hour a day, and keep a record in my notebook of when I study and how long, as well as if there was anything else in my environment like if I was watching television or eating.
Terms: rule governed behavior, emit, antecedent, behavior, consequence, elicit, established behaviors, target behavior
5.2
I thought this section was fairly interesting. I like learning about how society impacts our decisions and effects our behaviors. One of the things I will remember from this chapter is the definition of rule governed behavior. This definition states that behavior maintained due to the obligation of maintaining order when the antecedent is verbal. Another thing I found interesting is that rule governed behavior can result from the established norms, morals or ethical standards that are associated with society. Along with this I learned that behaviors emitted or not emitted based on the socialization processes within each individual culture are important for deciding if a behavior is acceptable or not. The last major point I will probably remember from this chapter is about the sources for rule governed behavior. The different sources include government, society, culture, holiday traditions, family traditions, peers, attorney, and ourselves. I find this information because there are a lot of things that influence our behaviors even if we do not realize it.
The target behavior I listed previously was to study at least 30 minutes a day for each class I had that day. My plan is to keep a record of my study habits in my planner so I can make sure I am keeping up with my studying. I also plan to record how well the study session went, because if I am only focussed on studying and not the effectiveness of the studying then it might not do any good.
Terms: rule governed behavior, target behavior, and emit.
Section 5.2
The first concept that I will emit a remembering response about is Rule Governed Behavior. It was interesting to think that sometimes we follow a behavior just because of socialization we have received. There are different ways that we have rule governed behavior through various norms and often morals we perceive growing up, which doesn’t necessarily mean it will elicit punishment if we do those behaviors but we feel a certain obligation and even a need to follow. This made me think of the therapy I am doing in another class with Cognitive Behavioral and Rational Emotive Behavioral. In these therapies we work with clients to identify those mal adaptive thought patterns that seemed to be based on perceived rule governed behavior via perceived family values or what they think is expected of them. In this way therapist help clients evaluate the unhelpful rules that they have established in their own mind and have become schemas and dictate the way they behave, feel, and think.
The second concept I will emit a remembering response about is that rules act as antecedents. This follows the previous point in that a rule that is established acts as a clue to how we are supposed to behave and what behaviors are good to emit or bad in a given situation given the rule that we have established.
The third concept I will emit a remembering response about is that there are different ways that rules are established. We can have firsthand encounters with the rules we establish and tell ourself. It can be information that is handed down to us or is second hand information that we follow. I don’t like the term of this, but wife’s tales is an example of this and is also a term we use to say that those rules don’t really apply. We could also get the information via an expert and just believe it from that point on. I know of some people who basically follow everything Opera says just because she is an ‘expert’ or Dr. Oz.
The idea of deadlines being a rule governed behavior was intriguing to me. It is interesting that they act as both the discriminative stimulus and the antecedent, which made me, think that a lot of antecedents are also descriptive stimulus. Deadlines are a very real form of rules if not followed have consequences and so we follow them and usually do not actually experience the consequence.
I am staying with the behavior that I want to change which is: Exercising at least four times a week for at least 35 minutes. Exercising includes: strength training with weights, cardio training with running and tae bo, and abdominal core exercises (ex: Pilates). I will measure the behavior by recording the days and the minutes I exercise as well as recording which form of the behavior I emit.
Emit, elicit, rule governed behavior, behavior, punishment, consequence, antecedents, descriptive stimuli
One thing I will remember from this section is how many individuals emit rules governed behaviors only because experts or their superiors tell them to. This is often evident in situations regarding religion; people tend to follow religion even if they don’t fully understand or research into what they are following. Christianity has been the dominant religious identity of the American population throughout history; however, there have been so many instances where minority groups have suffered from the rules governed by Christianity, that stem from selective and sometimes incorrect interpretations of the Bible. Generations then pass down these interpretations and religious rules to their children, who learn to follow because they are familiar with them and out as an obligation to be contributing members of society. Many people will even live their whole lives without questioning their religion and will continue to emit their religion’s rule governed behaviors.
Another thing I will remember from this section, and along with the same topic, is that people learn about the rules governed by their religion through a variety of sources. Through these sources, they learn the rules they need to obey throughout their whole lives. From birth, rules are learned from family members, communities, churches, religious texts, etc., through which they strive to maintain social order and support to their religion.
Antecedents and consequences can influence how individuals adhere to rules governed by religion. People are told not to sin (antecedent), so they don’t sin (behavior), and they won’t be punished (consequence). This is an example of how rules are important to our behavior. In religion, people learn that emitting a sin will elicit some form of punishment that will decrease the frequency that they will engage in the sinning behavior again. In Christianity, there are some rules governed, such as the Ten Commandments, which are discriminative stimuli for engaging in a behavior. They specifically spell out the rules that are to be obeyed. Other rules in Christianity are verbal. The rules are followed, even without clear explanation of the consequences.
The thing I liked about this chapter is how it explained that we often emit rule-governed behavior without experiencing the consequence. This is something I notice to be true on a daily basis. People advise others based on their own experiences every day. This has the potential to be really helpful to others, because they have the opportunity to avoid aversive consequences by learning from other people’s mistakes, but often times, people don’t listen and end up learning the consequences for themselves.
I didn’t like how this chapter stopped abruptly. I was just starting to get really interested in the idea of a rule being an antecedent to a behavior, but then the example was cut off. I would have liked to see more of an elaboration on how some rules have clear consequences, while others do not and how this influences individuals to obey or not to obey the rules. The section really got me thinking about how rules really are antecedents to people’s behavior and how the consequences depends on how they choose to follow the rule or not.
I am not going to change my behavioral modification plan. I am going to continue collecting baseline data by recording the fluid ounces of coffee I consume each day. Then I will incorporate my intervention plan of decreasing the ounces in increments of two ounces.
Terms: emit, elicit, antecedent, behavior, consequence, rule governed, discriminative stimuli, engaging in behavior, frequency, increase, decrease.
Three things I will remember from this section:
1. I will remember what ruled governed behavior is. This is a behavior that is maintained by the obligation of maintaining order where the antecedent is verbal. Also with ruled governed behavior is can result from establishing norms, morals, and ethical standards. This section gave a good example to help understand ruled governed behavior and that was that in the United States it relates to the avoidance of sexual relations between members of the same family.
2. Another thing that I will remember from this section is the part when it talks about sources of rules. This may be very obvious, but it is also very important. Sources of rules can be government, social, cultural, holiday traditions, and many more. These rules vary country to country. For example some countries have different drinking ages than other and some don’t even allow you to drink. Depending on the rules as antecedents and consequences to follow the rules can greatly alter our behaviors.
3. Also I learned that sometimes rules emerge from contingencies we are under. This section gave an example to help me better understand what that meant. In the section it said that when driving to work Jan regularly saw a cop parked in a blind spot along the road with a radar gun. After a while she told herself to slow down around this corner because there is usually a cop sitting there and she wanted to avoid getting a ticket.
One thing I liked in this chapter was when it talked about ruled governed behavior I was unsure what that was when I first started reading this section but this section did a great job on being clear what it meant.
One thing I didn’t like from this chapter was that the material wasn’t very exciting at all. This chapter was one of the more boring ones that we have read.
An idea I had while reading this section was ruled governed behavior. I never really noticed that other people in other countries will have other ruled governed behaviors then we do in the United States.
Terms: Ruled governed behavior, antecedent, consequences, contingencies
Section 5.2
What are three things you will remember from what you read in the chapter? Why?
1. I was surprised to learn that following social norms is a sort of ruled governed behavior. I had never really thought about social norms as being behaviors that we routinely follow but aren’t punished for. Our children then follow this behavior and they simply learn it by modeling the behaviors of their caretakers.
2. The source of rules can dictate how we behave. I understand a little bit better now that laws are a way to control our behavior because we follow these laws so we don’t go to jail or get traffic tickets.
3. It is important that if we want to change a behavior that we must make a real effort. We must remind ourselves in the beginning of what we are trying to change. We can’t just expect these behaviors to change without any sort of effort.
What was one thing that you really liked that was in the chapter? Why?
I liked the examples that this section used to clarify the meanings of ruled governed behavior. When I look at the way I live my life or the way I am raising my son, I realize that in many aspects I am following social norms because I don’t know any other way to do things. It doesn’t mean that there is anything wrong with it, it just simply means that I’m doing things the way I was taught.
What was one thing that you disliked that was in the chapter? Why?
It didn’t seem that there was a whole lot of new information in this section.
What were some ideas you had while reading this chapter?
This section made me more aware of my behaviors and why I do some of the things I do.
Posted for DT:
5.2
One of the three main things that I learned about his section was the main subject on rule governed behavior. It is the result from established norms, morals, or ethical standards or from rules to which an organism has adhered throughout its history. For example there are rules from different cultures/ religions that we have to follow but then the question comes do we actually follow them? The second thing I’ll remember from this chapter is when your clearly depending on the rules there are antecedents and consequences to adhering to the rules and they can alter our behavior. With this information it makes it important to study and understand the rule of behavior. Example of using antecedent and consequences is the Antecedent is doing laundry on Sunday’s. My behavior would be wash clothes and my consequence would be to have clean clothes. The last thing I’ll remember from this chapter is deadlines are very key into the function of rules governing behavior. Deadlines are antecedents and discriminative stimuli but they also inform us of consequences that might occur when behaviors are time sensitive. The one thing I really like about this chapter was learning about the rules of governing behavior is very important. There was nothing that I didn’t really like about this chapter because it was well written and easy to understand. Ideas that came into my head while reading this chapter is that I do follow the rules that are told but then there are some that I don’t especially family rules. Now I’m going to start obeying those rules and change my behavior so thing can get done and change the way I act.
The behavior I changed for my goal was to spend less time with my sorority so I can get more of my homework done. It has worked! Even though it was upsetting to me that I didn’t get to go to Mulligans for the past 2 Mondays after our meetings, instead of going there I came back and did homework or studied and it felt good! For the next day I didn’t have to worry about getting it done at the last minute. I had a test this past week and I got an “A” on it due to the times that I cut back being in my sorority or marching band.
5.2
RULE GOVERNED BEHAVIOR
To begin, I liked how short this section was! I think it was only about four pages of reading. I was able to pick up the three things I learned quickly, that way they’re all fresh in my mind as I write about them. First, I found it interesting that rule governed behavior can include behaving/not behavior a certain way because “rules” dictate it, or behavior emitted contrary to the rule because the organism knows enforcement is unlikely given the context. For example, I often don’t come to a complete stop at stop signs in more residential areas, because I know cops are more likely to patrol Seerley, University, College, or Main. I will come to a complete stop, generally, at the aforementioned streets because I know the police are more likely to be there.
Next, I learned that these rules that govern behavior can come from anywhere. They can be stated in the law, like running a red light or shoplifting. They can also come from experience, like swerving around a large pothole or jumping over the squeaky stair. They can be written on signs, in pamphlets, and syllabi. They can come from your parents, your teachers, or your peers. They can come from your past experiences, your environment, and the context (like time of day or season of the year). Finally, deadlines can be helpful guides for behavior. I recently received a ticket and had to turn it in within 10 days, or an additional fee would be added. I paid it off in nine days. One of my roommates was unable to get into a class he needs to graduate because he waited too long past his appointment date to register (that’s not defined as a deadline, but I consider it one because you have to register ASAP if you want to ensure a spot in a popular course). I had the idea of creating smaller deadlines for my workout schedule. Perhaps set them at a week at a time, or even a few days. Then I can extend them if necessary.
I stated how I would measure my target behavior in last week’s reading blog.
There are many concepts I will remember from section 5.2. The first is the rule governed behavior. this concept is about how behavior is maintained through the obligation of maintaining order. For example if an individual follows rules based from their religion for example in the catholic religion and ash Wednesday. The behavior that the individual emits is based on the governed rule of the catholic practice. This is an easy concept for me to comprehend since it can be seen in everyday life. Secondly I will remember that in rule governed behaviors the rules can be enforced in multiple ways, such as society, culture, family traditions to attorneys. For example, in my family it is a rule to have Christmas dinner at my grandparents house. The third thing I will remember from this section is how contingencies can influence how we behave in certain situations. This section gives an example of the police officer at a specific spot and how a woman notices the officer there and makes sure she is going the speed limit. I have also experience something like this, for example back at home there is usually a cop waiting under the highway bridge, for people speeding coming off the highway. One part I did like about this section was the example of how each country has different ages when individuals can drink. This example helped me understand the different effects rule governed behaviors can have on how we think of our morals or norms. One section I did not like about 5.2 was some of the examples under Get Organized- Increase Efficiency such as people listen to what experts say simply for the fact that it is coming from an expert.
To measure my calorie count I began to use myfitnesspal, but at the end of the first week my phone broke and instead of being able to update the program right away, I had to write it down and input the information later that day. Having to do this did slow down imputing the measures, since I would wait til I was home at the end of the day I found myself forgetting to input them. But since I kept a journal it was not difficult to backtrack the information.
Section 5.4
I liked how the chapter looked at things we have little control over and how we can change them. It reminded me of Steven Covey's book 7 Habits of Highly Effective People. By learning to focus on the things within your circle of influence, you increase you circle of influence to the point of doing things you previously couldn't do.
One thing I didn't like was how much of the information was written. It made it seem like much of it was theory without anything to back it up. I think answer "why?" might be helpful. Many of these theories can only be proven not to be false if tested on people for many years. When I was reading the chapter, I wondered if these theories had been tested?
I will remember the idea of taking away the discriminative stimulus that acts as an antecedent to the behavior. I've never heard of putting an object on timeout before. It's so out-of-the-box that it will be hard to forget. The problem I see with this is that if you always take away the toy (candy, videogames, etc...) the kids doesn't learn self control. At some point in a persons life, you can't always take away the discriminative stimulus. Later in life when the issue is something like peer pressure at much higher stakes, they will need willpower.
I will remember the idea of changing the environment to make the behavior easier because it reminds me of what John Berardi says about long term changes. John Berardi says that if you want to start a new habit that will last long term, then you need to make it almost too easy to do. On a scale of 1-10 (1 being really hard and 10 being really easy), you need to make it a 9. Otherwise statistics say that about 90% of people fail at their new goals. This chapter was a good way to look at changing antecedents to make the behavior easier to emit.
I will remember that you can change the antecedent of the differential reinforcement of other that can make the competitive behavior more difficult to emit. In my behavior modification project I'm looking at competitive behaviors that I can change the antecedent. These behaviors are reading, playing games, watching movies, doing homework. One thing I plan on doing is to find a way to use these behaviors as rewards.
One thing I want to change with my behavior is the end-goal. Instead of running a marathon, we're going to start with a half-marathon because it's safer for the kids. Otherwise, I will continue monitoring my progress, graphing, and making changes.
Terms: antecedent, emit, behavior, differential reinforcement of other, discriminative stimulus.
I will remember what rule governed behavior is. First of all it is pretty self-explanatory; it is behavior that has been emitted or not emitted due to the consequence of law. The most common example is government law, but there are also behaviors that are controlled by religion, group rules, and social pressure.
I will remember that rule governed behavior is not always consistent. Obviously, some break the law, but some also break the laws in certain circumstance; like running a red light when there is no one around.
Lastly I will remember a certain subset of rule governed behavior: deadlines. Deadlines provide the antecedent for behavior. Also, getting it done before the deadline gives a better consequence than not finishing it before the deadline
The behavior I want to change is reading more literature. I had two weeks of baseline behavior and the results show I read 200 pages in a week. So that is approximately 29 pages a day.
When I record by behavior during this experiment, I will record my reading daily, rather than weekly, to give a more accurate analysis.
Terms: rule governed behavior, emitted, antecedent, consequence, baseline behavior